ReviewBMC endocrine disorders2017
Mechanism of worsening diabetic retinopathy with rapid lowering of blood glucose: the synergistic hypothesis.
Review in BMC endocrine disorders, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of antidiabetic drugs with diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Ocular complications associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) - Clinical evidence and insights.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- The Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Retinal Microvascular Alterations.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Berberine alleviates pyroptosis of retinal ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy by regulating AKT1, JUN, and STAT3.Ibrain · 2026Article
- Rapid Glycemic Correction and the Paradox of Retinopathy Progression.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Berberine attenuates the expression of NLRP3 and downstream inflammasome effectors in diabetic retinopathy.Journal of natural medicines · 2025Article
- Predictive modeling of rapid glaucoma progression based on systemic data from electronic medical records.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular Findings Before Vision Loss in the Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Diabetic Retinopathy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Association of serum selenium levels with diabetic retinopathy: NHANES 2011-2016.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Serum Albumin and Glycemic Variability Could Contribute to Diabetic Retinopathy Progression by Regulating Chronic Inflammatory Pathways.Journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Patient and Physician Perspectives of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Diagnosis, Treatment and Progression: A Podcast Article.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Targeting pericyte retention in Diabetic Retinopathy: a review.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its risk factors in rural patients with type 2 diabetes referring to Beijing Huairou Hospital, China.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Enhancing glycaemic control with impetus on weight management: Observing for early worsening of diabetic retinopathy.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Acute worsening of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus during rapid glycemic control: The pathobiology and therapeutic implications.World journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Relaxation of mitochondrial hyperfusion in the diabetic retina via N6-furfuryladenosine confers neuroprotection regardless of glycaemic status.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor add-on therapy for metformin delays diabetic retinopathy progression in diabetes patients: a population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Dynamic nomogram prediction model for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Network pharmacology mechanism of Scutellarin to inhibit RGC pyroptosis in diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Semaglutide-eye-catching results.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insulin treatment has been associated with a paradoxical worsening of diabetes retinopathy since many years in European cohorts. Recently, this issue has been stressed by some studies conducted in other parts of the world. However, the mechanism underlying such evolution is not well understood. An osmotic theory has been evocated but failed to explain the clinical features of the disease. Considering recent findings from basic and clinical research, we discuss the possibility of a synergistic hypothesis based on the simultaneous action of insulin and vascular endothelial growth factor on eye blood vessels. We postulate that exogenous insulin could act synergistically with the vascular endothelial growth factor expressed by ischemic retina so as to trigger vascular proliferation and the worsening of diabetes retinopathy.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.