Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29066293›Full record

Trial reportContemporary clinical trials2018

The Mental Activity and eXercise (MAX) trial: Effects on physical function and quality of life among older adults with cognitive complaints.

Laura E Middleton, Maria I Ventura, Wendy Santos-Modesitt, Gina Poelke, Kristine Yaffe, Deborah E Barnes

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Contemporary clinical trials, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Laura E MiddletonDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Canada. Electronic address: Laura.middleton@uwaterloo.ca.
Maria I VenturaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Wendy Santos-ModesittBenioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Gina PoelkeDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Notre Dame de Namur University, USA.
Kristine YaffeDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, USA; Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Centre, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.
Deborah E BarnesDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, USA; Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Centre, USA. Electronic address: Deborah.barnes@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USNotre Dame de Namur University · USSan Francisco VA Medical Center · USUniversity of Waterloo · CA

Funding

CTSA: K12 COMPONENTKL2RR024130 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$19.3M
Physical Activity and Cognitive Decline in the ElderlyK01AG024069 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BARNES, DEBORAH E. · 2005 to 2009
$550k
NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR024130NIA NIH HHS K01 AG024069
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOlder adults with cognitive complaints are vulnerable to dementia, physical impairments, and poor quality of life. Exercise and mental activity may improve physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) but combinations have not been investigated systematically. The Mental Activity and eXercise (MAX) trial found that mental activity plus exercise over 12weeks improved cognitive function (primary outcome) in sedentary older adults with cognitive complaints.

objectiveTo investigate the effects of combinations of two mental activity and exercise programs on physical function and HRQOL (secondary outcomes).

methodsParticipants (n=126, age 73±6years, 65% women) were randomized to 12weeks of exercise (aerobic exercise or stretching/toning, 3×60min/week) plus mental activity (computer-based cognitive training or educational DVDs, 3×60min/week) using a factorial design. Assessments included the Senior Fitness Test (physical function), Short Form-12 physical and mental sub-scales (HRQOL), and CHAMPS questionnaire (physical activity).

resultsThere were no differences between groups at baseline (p>0.05). We observed improvements over time in most physical function measures [chair stands (p-for-time=0.001), arm curls (p-for-time<0.001), step test (p-for-time=0.003), sit & reach (p-for-time=0.01), and back scratch (p-for-time=0.04)] and in physical HRQOL (p-for-time=0.04). There were no differences in change between groups (group∗time p>0.05). Changes in most physical function measures and physical HRQOL correlated with physical activity changes.

conclusionCombined mental activity and exercise interventions of various types can improve both physical function and physical HRQOL among sedentary older adults with cognitive complaints. Exercise control group design should be carefully considered as even light exercise may induce benefits in vulnerable older adults.

Indexed as

CognitionExerciseHealth StatusMental HealthAgedAged, 80 and overDementiaFemaleHumansMalePatient ComplianceQuality of LifeCognitive trainingExerciseOlder adultsPhysical functionQuality of lifeRandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID29066293
PMCPMC5760217
OpenAlexW2765980249

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.