Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29076040›Full record

ReviewDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2017

SGLT2 Inhibitors Through the Windows of EMPA-REG and CANVAS Trials: A Review.

Ashu Rastogi, Anil Bhansali

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcome Trials.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020
    Review
  15. Review
  16. SGLT2 Inhibitors: Cardiovascular Benefits Beyond HbA1c-Translating Evidence into Practice.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  17. Evolving spectrum of diabetic nephropathy.World journal of diabetes · 2019
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ashu RastogiDepartment of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Anil BhansaliDepartment of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India. anilbhansaliendocrine@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

EMPA-REG OUTCOME and CANVAS trials were designed to study the cardiovascular safety of empagliflozin and canagliflozin, respectively. Both studies were sufficiently powered to study the non-inferiority for cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and showed superiority for major adverse cardiovascular events and composite renal outcomes independent of glycemic control. Further, all patients in EMPA-REG had prior CV events (secondary prevention), compared to CANVAS that also included subjects with no prior CV events, indicating the beneficial effects of canagliflozin in primary prevention of CV events as well. Moreover, there seems to be ethnic variations in response to sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) regarding CV benefits, as Blacks fared better with canagliflozin and Asians with empagliflozin. Increases in lower extremity amputation and fracture incidence were observed with canagliflozin in CANVAS and this needs further substantiation, though these events were not systematically captured in the EMPA-REG study.

Indexed as

CanagliflozinCANVASCardiovascular mortalityCardiovascular outcome trialsDiabetes mellitusEmpagliflozinEMPA-REGHazard ratio (HR)Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)Sodium-glucose linked cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2i)

Identifiers

PMID29076040
PMCPMC5688986

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.