Observational studyAnatolian journal of cardiology2017
Association of female sex and heart rate with increased arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Observational study in Anatolian journal of cardiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular contributions to dementia: Examining sex differences and female-specific factors.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Mean and variability of annual haemoglobin A1c are associated with high-risk peripheral artery disease.Diabetes & vascular disease researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with increased arterial stiffness (IAS) measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and its clinical implications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
methodsThis was an observational, cross-sectional study. The ankle-brachial PWV was used to measure arterial stiffness, and 310 patients (mean age, 49±9 years; 180 men) with type 2 DM were divided into two groups according to the results of PWV: Group 1 (IAS; n=214) and Group 2 (normal arterial stiffness; n=96).
resultsPatients in Group 1 were predominantly females (48% vs. 28%, p=0.001) and showed higher blood pressure and faster heart rate (HR). The glomerular filtration rate was lower and the urine microalbumin level was higher in patients with IAS. In multiple regression analysis, female sex and faster HR were independently associated with IAS. In subgroup analysis among female patients, prior stroke was more common in patients with IAS, and faster HR and increased postprandial 2-h C-peptide level were independently associated with IAS.
conclusionFemale sex and faster HR were independently associated with IAS in patients with type 2 DM. In a subgroup analysis among female patients, prior stroke was more common in patients with IAS, and faster HR and elevated postprandial 2-h C-peptide level were found to be independently associated with IAS.
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