ArticleCell host & microbe2017
Commensal Fungi Recapitulate the Protective Benefits of Intestinal Bacteria.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 168 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 298 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of gut microbiota protects against viral respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of animal and clinical studies.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Non-absorbable antibiotics worsen alcohol-associated liver disease in gastric acid-suppressed mice.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- The gut microbiota as a regulator of intestinal stem-cell fate: bacterial and fungal control of differentiation and regeneration.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome-enteric virus interactions: mechanisms, clinical implications, and translational directions.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Animal gut microbes and microbiomes in the 21st century and beyond.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- A host-adapted commensal fungus from pet store mice drives type 2 immunity and cross-kingdom protection.iScience · 2026Article
- High humidity reprograms the gut mycobiome to promotemSystems · 2026Article
- Multi-kingdom gut microbiota analyses define bacterial-fungal interplay in multiple type 2 diabetes cohorts.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Targeted and quantitatively modeled biologic delivery via dual-functional probiotic yeast in inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Review of the Microbial Spectrum of Mixed Respiratory Fungal Infections.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Review
- Article
- Current Perspectives on the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis of Microbiota and the Gut-Brain Axis, and Emerging Therapeutics.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Distinct properties of human pathogenicmSystems · 2026Article
- A host-adapted commensal fungus from pet store mice drives type 2 immunity and cross-kingdom protection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pathogenicity ofWorld journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- The human mycobiome: a critical yet understudied component of health and disease.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Review
- Review
- Advanced adhesion and targeting strategies to prolong gut residence time and improve eLBP efficacy in colonic diseases.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- A role for gut mycobiome and altered fungal-bacterial interactions in women with endometriosis†.Biology of reproduction · 2025Article
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Commensal intestinal microbes are collectively beneficial in preventing local tissue injury and augmenting systemic antimicrobial immunity. However, given the near-exclusive focus on bacterial species in establishing these protective benefits, the contributions of other types of commensal microbes remain poorly defined. Here, we show that commensal fungi can functionally replace intestinal bacteria by conferring protection against injury to mucosal tissues and positively calibrating the responsiveness of circulating immune cells. Susceptibility to colitis and influenza A virus infection occurring upon commensal bacteria eradication is efficiently overturned by mono-colonization with either Candida albicans or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protective benefits of commensal fungi are mediated by mannans, a highly conserved component of fungal cell walls, since intestinal stimulation with this moiety alone overrides disease susceptibility in mice depleted of commensal bacteria. Thus, commensal enteric fungi safeguard local and systemic immunity by providing tonic microbial stimulation that can functionally replace intestinal bacteria.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.