Evidence mapPaperPMID 29405543Full record

ReviewDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2018

Legacy benefits of blood glucose, blood pressure and lipid control in individuals with diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Time to overcome multifactorial therapeutic inertia?

Kamlesh Khunti, Mikhail Kosiborod, Kausik K Ray

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04841096 (Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Combined Therapy Glimepiride / Vildagliptin / Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Dual Treatment Failure), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04841096 phase3completedstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Combined Therapy Glimepiride / Vildagliptin / Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Dual Treatment Failure

Ran2023Enrolled162Registered outcomes5Posted comparisons0ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmsA1=Glimepiride / Vildagliptin / Metformin (1 mg/ 50 mg/ 500 mg), (A2) Glimepiride/Vildagliptin/Metformin, (B2) Glimepiride/Vildagliptin/Metformin, B2=Glimepiride / Vildagliptin / Metformin (1 mg/ 50 mg/ 500 mg)
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Insulin Resistance in Long COVID-19 Syndrome.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kamlesh KhuntiLeicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2343-7099
Mikhail KosiborodDepartment of Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri.
Kausik K RayDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Public Health England · GBSaint Luke's Hospital · USUniversity of Leicester · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally and the largest contributor to healthcare costs. There is good evidence that management of risk factors such as blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and glucose can lead to improved microvascular and macrovascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Legacy effect is a phenomenon used to describe the prolonged benefits of glucose, blood pressure or lipid control in individuals with cardiovascular disease, diabetes or in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease by early risk factor control. There is now also good quality evidence on the legacy benefits of multifactorial risk factor interventions on renal, cardiovascular and mortality outcomes. Despite this robust evidence, therapeutic inertia is widespread in the management of these risk factors in clinical practice.

Indexed as

Evidence-Based MedicinePractice Patterns, Physicians'Cardiovascular DiseasesCombined Modality TherapyDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesDiabetic CardiomyopathiesDyslipidemiasHumansHyperglycemiaHypertensionHypoglycemiaPractice Guidelines as TopicRisk Factorsblood pressureglycaemic controllegacy effectlipids

Identifiers

PMID29405543
OpenAlexW2794361474

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.