SynthesisDrug design, development and therapy2018
The influence of prebiotic or probiotic supplementation on antibody titers after influenza vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Drug design, development and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05157425 (Efficacy and Safety of a Multistrain Probiotic Formula to Boost the Immune Response to Influenza Virus Vaccination), which is not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of a Multistrain Probiotic Formula to Boost the Immune Response to Influenza Virus Vaccination
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Rapid Advice Guideline for the Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Through Nutritional Intervention.Current nutrition reports · 2020Guideline
- Does Vitamin D Deficiency Affect the Immunogenic Responses to Influenza Vaccination? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of probiotics on humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccination in older adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (PIRATES-COV study).Gut microbes · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effects of probiotic administration on immune responses of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes to a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Insights into Microbiota-Vaccine Crosstalk in Humans: Mechanisms, Modulators, and Translational Horizons.Vaccines · 2026Review
- The emerging role of the gut microbiota in vaccination responses.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Functional Food Ingredients Enhancing Immune Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Probiotics and human health: biological activities, nutritional aspects, immunomodulatory properties, applications, and future perspectives - a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- How does geographical diversity shape vaccine efficacy?Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2024Review
- Human Infant Fecal Microbiota Differentially Influences the Mucosal Immune Pathways Upon Influenza Infection in a Humanized Gnotobiotic Pig Model.Current microbiology · 2024Article
- The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Oral Bacterial Lysate OM-85: Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Review
- Targeting the hallmarks of aging to improve influenza vaccine responses in older adults.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Review
- Healthy adults supplemented with a nutraceutical formulation containingFrontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Nutrition, Immunosenescence, and Infectious Disease: An Overview of the Scientific Evidence on Micronutrients and on Modulation of the Gut Microbiota.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Review
- Probiotics: A gut response to the COVID-19 pandemic but what does the evidence show?Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfluenza infection is a common disease with a huge disease burden. Influenza vaccination has been widely used, but concerns regarding vaccine efficacy exist, especially in the elderly. Probiotics are live microorganisms with immunomodulatory effects and may enhance the immune responses to influenza vaccination.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the influence of prebiotics/probiotics/synbiotics supplementation on vaccine responses to influenza vaccination. Studies were systematically identified from electronic databases up to July 2017. Information regarding study population, influenza vaccination, components of supplements, and immune responses were extracted and analyzed. Twelve studies, investigating a total of 688 participants, were included in this review.
resultsPatients with prebiotics/probiotics supplements were found to have higher influenza hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers after vaccination (for A/H1N1, 42.89 vs 35.76, mean difference =7.14, 95% CI =2.73, 11.55,
conclusionSupplementation with prebiotics or probiotics may enhance the influenza hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers in all A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B strains (20%, 19.5%, and 13.6% increases, respectively). Concomitant prebiotics or probiotics supplementation with influenza vaccination may hold great promise for improving vaccine efficacy. However, high heterogeneity was observed and further studies are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.