SynthesisNutrients2018
Dietary Cholesterol Intake and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental risk factors, protective factors and lifestyles for lung cancer: an umbrella review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet Patterns in Relation to Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Egg and Dietary Cholesterol Intake and Risk of All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of dietary cholesterol intake on the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2019Pooled it
- Association between serum zinc levels and lung cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.World journal of surgical oncology · 2019Pooled it
- Nutrition as Modulator of Oxidative Stress in Cancer Prevention and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cholesterol metabolism and cancer: Molecular mechanisms, immune regulation and an epidemiological perspective (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Non-Coding RNAs as Critical Modulators of Cholesterol Metabolism in Cancer.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Anti-obesity peptides from food: Production, evaluation, sources, and commercialization.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Review
- Role of Protein Regulators of Cholesterol Homeostasis in Immune Modulation and Cancer Pathophysiology.Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Genetic associations between circulating metabolic biomarkers and lung cancer in East Asians and Europeans.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Effect of Statins on Lung Cancer Molecular Pathways: A Possible Therapeutic Role.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The effect of total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio on mortality risk in the general population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Autophagic Activation and Decrease of Plasma Membrane Cholesterol Contribute to Anticancer Activities in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- STARD3: A Prospective Target for Cancer Therapy.Cancers · 2021Review
- A nonlinear association of total cholesterol with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.Nutrition & metabolism · 2021Article
- Cholesterol and Sphingolipid Enriched Lipid Rafts as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Identifying modifiable risk factors of lung cancer: Indications from Mendelian randomization.PloS one · 2021Article
- Association of Dietary Cholesterol Intake With Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
- Hypercholesterolemia Is an Associated Factor for Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Chinese Population.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple epidemiologic studies have evaluated the relationship between dietary cholesterol and lung cancer risk, but the association is controversial and inconclusive. A meta-analysis of case-control studies and cohort studies was conducted to evaluate the relationship between dietary cholesterol intake and lung cancer risk in this study. A relevant literature search up to October 2017 was performed in Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Sinomed, and VIP Journal Integration Platform. Ten case-control studies and six cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the risk estimates were pooled using either fixed or random effects models. The case-control studies with a total of 6894 lung cancer cases and 29,736 controls showed that dietary cholesterol intake was positively associated with lung cancer risk (Odds Ratio = 1.70, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.43-2.03). However, there was no evidence of an association between dietary cholesterol intake and risk of lung cancer among the 241,920 participants and 1769 lung cancer cases in the cohort studies (Relative Risk = 1.08, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.94-1.25). Due to inconsistent results from case-control and cohort studies, it is difficult to draw any conclusion regarding the effects of dietary cholesterol intake on lung cancer risk. Carefully designed and well-conducted cohort studies are needed to identify the association between dietary cholesterol and lung cancer risk.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.