ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2018
Incidence of end-stage renal disease following bariatric surgery in the Swedish Obese Subjects Study.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04626323 (Open, Randomized, Unicenter Study Comparing Metabolic Surgery With Intensive Medical Therapy to Treat Diabetic Kidney Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Open, Randomized, Unicenter Study Comparing Metabolic Surgery With Intensive Medical Therapy to Treat Diabetic Kidney Disease
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exenatide once weekly decreases urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated albuminuria: Pooled analysis of randomized active controlled clinical trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2020Trial
- Renal Outcomes After Sleeve Gastrectomy versus Gastric Bypass in Patients with Nephropathy: Results from a Retrospective Study.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- The Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-CKD Axis: Intersecting Pathways and Opportunities for Early Intervention.Kidney international reports · 2026Review
- Prevalence and risk factors of acute kidney injury in adults with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2026Review
- Precision obesity medicine: A phenotype-guided framework for pharmacologic therapy across the lifespan.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Review
- Relationships Between Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and Adverse Kidney Outcomes: An Analysis of a Retrospective Cohort.Obesity science & practice · 2025Article
- Kidney outcomes after bariatric surgery: a population-based cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Obesity-Related Glomerulosclerosis-How Adiposity Damages the Kidneys.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Obesity and Metabolic Health in CKD.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Review
- Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease: The Dual Epidemic in Cardiovascular Health.European cardiology · 2025Review
- ASN Kidney Health Guidance on the Management of Obesity in Persons Living with Kidney Diseases.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2024Article
- Obesity and renal disease: Benefits of bariatric surgery.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Review
- Heart failure in obesity: insights from proteomics in patients treated with or without weight-loss surgery.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- The Beneficial Effects of Bariatric-Surgery-Induced Weight Loss on Renal Function.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in the Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Kidney Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use in People Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review of the Key Evidence with Practical Considerations.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Review
- Metabolic Surgery: Paradigm Shift in Metabolic Syndrome/Diabetes Therapy.Visceral medicine · 2022Review
- Impact of Obesity in Kidney Diseases.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Bariatric Surgery and Hypertension.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObesity is a major public health problem leading to co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and kidney failure. Bariatric surgery results in pronounced and maintained weight loss and prevention of obesity-related diseases and their complications. Most studies of bariatric surgery on kidney disease show improvements after surgery. However, long-term studies analyzing hard end-points are lacking. Here we report on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery compared to usual obesity care on incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) alone and in combination with chronic kidney disease stage 4 (CKD4/ESRD).
methods4047 patients were included in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study. Inclusion criteria were age 37-60 years and BMI ≥ 34 in men and BMI ≥ 38 in women. Patients in the bariatric surgery group (N = 2010) underwent banding (18%), vertical banded gastroplasty (69%), or gastric bypass (13%); controls (N = 2037) received usual obesity care. In this analysis, patients were followed up for a median time of 18 years. The incidence of ESRD and CKD4 was obtained by crosschecking the SOS database with the Swedish National Patient Register.
resultsDuring follow-up, ESRD occurred in 13 patients in the surgery group and in 26 patients in the control group (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.27; 95% CI 0.12-0.60; p = 0.001). The number of CKD4/ESRD events was 23 in the surgery group and 39 in the control group (adjusted HR = 0.33; 95% CI 0.18-0.62; p < 0.001). In both analyses, bariatric surgery had a more favorable effect in patients with baseline serum insulin levels above median compared to those with lower insulin levels (interaction p = 0.010). Treatment benefit of bariatric surgery was also greater in patients with macroalbuminuria at baseline compared to those without macroalbuminuria (interaction p < 0.001).
conclusionsOur study showed for the first time that bariatric surgery is associated with a long-term protection against ESRD and CKD4/ESRD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.