Evidence mapPaperPMID 29636825Full record

ReviewDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2018

Combination of basal insulin and GLP-1 receptor agonist: is this the end of basal insulin alone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?

Rodrigo Oliveira Moreira, Roberta Cobas, Raquel C Lopes Assis Coelho

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. New Horizons: Next-Generation Insulin Analogues: Structural Principles and Clinical Goals.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The Evolving Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020
    Review
  17. Consensus Recommendations on GLP-1 RA Use in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: South Asian Task Force.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  18. BE-SMART (Basal Early Strategies to Maximize HbA1c Reduction with Oral Therapy): Expert Opinion.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rodrigo Oliveira Moreira *1Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia, Rua Moncorvo Filho 90, CEP 22280-110 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Roberta Cobas *2Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Raquel C Lopes Assis Coelho *Novo Nordisk , São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia Luiz Capriglione · BRUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glycemic control has been considered a major therapeutic goal within the scope of diabetes management, as supported by robust observational and experimental evidence. However, the coexistence of micro and macrovascular disease is associated with the highest cardiovascular risks which highlights the importance that pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus provides not only glycemic control, but also cardiovascular safety. Basal insulin is a highly effective treatment in reducing fasting blood glucose, but it is associated with considerable risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. Glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are also effective in terms of glycemic control and associated with weight loss and low risk of hypoglycemia. The potential benefits of combining GLP-1RAs with basal insulin are contemplated in the current position statement of several different position statement and guidelines. This article reviews the efficacy and safety of different strategies to initiate and intensify basal insulin, with focus on new fixed ratio combinations of basal insulin with GLP-1 RAs available for use in a single injection pen (insulin degludec/liraglutide and insulin glargine/lixisenatide).

Indexed as

Basal insulinFixed combinationGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonistType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID29636825
PMCPMC5883417
OpenAlexW2806486181

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.