SynthesisBMC cancer2018
Diabetes mellitus and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer in women compared with men: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for gastric cancer: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Impact of good glycemic control on survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with diabetes mellitus.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Glycemic Burden and Clinical Outcomes of Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Curative Treatment.Cancers · 2024Article
- Could Insulin Be a Better Regulator of Appetite/Satiety Balance and Body Weight Maintenance in Response to Glucose Exposure Compared to Sucrose Substitutes? Unraveling Current Knowledge and Searching for More Appropriate Choices.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Correlation between High Incidence of Colorectal Neoplastic Polyps and High-risk Adenomas in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- Prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics of de novo metastatic cancer at a major radiotherapy centre in West Africa: a cross-sectional study.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiome and Hepatic Transcriptomic Determinants of HCC Development in Mice with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Article
- Association between diabetes and cancer. Current mechanistic insights into the association and future challenges.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
- Systemic Diseases and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk.Journal of cancer & allied specialties · 2023Review
- Reduced serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and aberrantly expressed cholesterol metabolism genes in colorectal cancer.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Cancer and diabetes co-occurrence: A national study with 44 million person-years of follow-up.PloS one · 2022Article
- High HbA1c is a risk factor for complications after hepatectomy and influences for hepatocellular carcinoma without HBV and HCV infection.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2021Article
- The Relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Gastric Cancer and the Potential Benefits of Metformin: An Extensive Review of the Literature.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Cancer has overtaken cardiovascular disease as the commonest cause of death in Scottish type 2 diabetes patients: A population-based study (The Ayrshire Diabetes Follow-up Cohort study).Journal of diabetes investigation · 2020Article
- Increased Risk of Site-Specific Cancer in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A National Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe increasing epidemic proportions of diabetes mellitus (DM) are a major cause of premature illness and death. However, whether DM confers the same excess risk of gastrointestinal cancer for women as it does for men remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relation between DM and gastrointestinal cancer in women compared with men after accounting for other major risk factors based on cohort studies.
methodsWe performed a meta-analysis of cohort studies published through May 2017 from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies with cohort designs were stratified by sex and reported the relation between DM and esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), colon cancer (CC), rectal cancer (RC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. The ratio of relative risk (RRR) between men and women was employed to measure the sex differences in the relation between DM and gastrointestinal cancer with a random effects model with inverse variance weighting.
resultsWe included 38 cohort studies reporting data on 18,060,698 individuals. The pooled RRR indicated DM women was associated with an increased risk of GC (RRR: 1.14; 95%CI: 1.06-1.22; p < 0.001), while the risk of HCC was lower (RRR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.79-0.99; p = 0.031) as compared with DM men. Further, there was no evidence of sex differences in the RRR between participants who had DM compared with those without DM for EC (p = 0.068), CRC (p = 0.618), and PC (p = 0.976). In addition, the pooled RRR showed a statistically significant association between DM and the risk of CC in women compared with men (RRR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.86-1.00; p = 0.050), and there was no evidence of sex differences for RC among participants with DM compared to those without DM (p = 0.648). Finally, the sex differences of the comparison between DM and non-DM for gastrointestinal cancer risk at different sites were variable after stratification for different effect estimates.
conclusionsThe findings of this study suggested female-to-male RRR of DM was increased for GC, while reduced for HCC and CC. However, there were no sex differences for the relation between DM and the risk of EC, CRC, PC, and RC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.