ReviewAdvances in therapy2018
Efficacy and Safety of Zofenopril Versus Ramipril in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure: A Review of the Published and Unpublished Data of the Randomized Double-Blind SMILE-4 Study.
Review in Advances in therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrogen Sulfide: A Versatile Molecule and Therapeutic Target in Health and Diseases.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Relevance of oxidative stress biomarkers, hemoglobin A1c, troponin-I, and angiotensin-converting enzyme metabolism to blood pressure in acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2023Article
- Clinical Potential of Hydrogen Sulfide in Peripheral Arterial Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Clinical Use of Hydrogen Sulfide to Protect Against Intimal Hyperplasia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide as Examples of the Youngest Class of Transmitters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- SG1002 and Catenated Divalent Organic Sulfur Compounds as Promising Hydrogen Sulfide Prodrugs.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2020Review
- How ACE inhibitors transformed the renin-angiotensin system.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Review
- Discontinuation of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Chronic Kidney Disease.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2019Article
- Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing and Potential Clinically Significant Drug-Drug Interactions in Older Outpatients: Is There Any Association?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- Knockdown of insulin-like growth factor 1 exerts a protective effect on hypoxic injury of aged BM-MSCs: role of autophagy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2018Article
- Zofenopril versus ramipril in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction with systolic dysfunction: A retrospective study.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAASArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Zofenopril is a lipophilic, sulfhydryl group-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitor, characterized by wide tissue distribution, long duration of action, and pleiotropic effects on endothelial dysfunction. Its clinical efficacy and safety have been described in the four randomized controlled trials of the SMILE program, which globally enrolled more than 3600 patients in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) setting. The SMILE-4 study specifically selected patients with left ventricular dysfunction at admission, and compared the effects of zofenopril or ramipril in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Zofenopril demonstrated its superiority over ramipril in reducing the combined occurrence of death or hospitalization for cardiovascular causes both in the overall population included in the original study and in subgroups of patients at highest risk, namely hypertensive and diabetic subjects. The effects of the early treatment with zofenopril were sustained over time, and, after 5 years of follow-up, zofenopril increased the survival likelihood and reduced the hospitalization rate. Compared to ramipril, zofenopril was cost-effective with a number to treat of 13 and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 2125.45 euros for any additional event prevented. Furthermore, in real-world settings, zofenopril decreased the risk of death in patients with heart failure, particularly in men, and in subjects older than 76 years or with ejection fraction lower than 54%. These results support the early use of zofenopril immediately after AMI, even in the presence of comorbidities, and its maintenance over time to reduce the risk of heart failure.
fundingMenarini International Operations Luxembourg S.A.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.