Evidence mapPaperPMID 29675797Full record

ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2018

Treatment Intensification in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study of 2-OAD Regimens, GLP-1 RAs, or Basal Insulin.

Lawrence Blonde, Denis Raccah, Elisheva Lew, Juliana Meyers, Elena Nikonova, Mayank Ajmera, Keith L Davis, Monica Bertolini, Bruno Guerci

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT05535322. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05535322 completed

Real-world Evaluation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) on Efficacy and Persistence, Adherence and Therapeutic Inertia Among Type 2 Diabetes Adults With Obesity in the Department of Health of Valencia Clínico-Malvarrosa

Ran2014Enrolled26,944Registered outcomes12Posted comparisons0ConditionsObesity, Type 2 DiabetesArmsGLP-1RA, Insulin, Miscellany, SGLT2i
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Lawrence BlondeDepartment of Endocrinology, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. lblonde@ochsner.org.
Denis RaccahUniversity Hospital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France.
Elisheva LewSanofi, Chilly-Mazarin, France.
Juliana MeyersRTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA.
Elena NikonovaEisai Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA.
Mayank AjmeraRTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA.
Keith L DavisRTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA.
Monica BertoliniSanofi, Paris, France.
Bruno GuerciDiabetology Department, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
RTI Health Solutions · USSanofi (France) · FREisai (United States) · USHôpital Sainte-Marguerite · FROchsner Medical Center · USUniversité de Lorraine · FR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTreatment guidelines recommend a stepwise approach to glycemia management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but this may result in uncontrolled glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between steps. This retrospective analysis compared clinical and economic outcomes among patients with uncontrolled T2D initiating two oral antidiabetes drugs (OADs), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), or basal insulin in a real-world setting.

methodsAdults with T2D on OAD monotherapy were identified in the MarketScan claims database (2007-2014). Those initiating two OADs (simultaneously or sequentially), GLP-1 RAs, or basal insulin were selected (date of initiation was termed the 'index date'); patients were required to have HbA1c > 7.0% in the 6 months pre-index date. HbA1c was compared from 6 months pre- to 1-year post-index. Annual all-cause healthcare utilization and costs were reported over the 1-year follow-up period.

resultsData for 6054 patients were analyzed (2-OAD, n = 4442; GLP-1 RA, n = 361; basal insulin, n = 1251). Baseline HbA1c was high in all cohorts, but highest in the basal-insulin cohort. Treatment initiation resulted in reductions in HbA1c in all cohorts, which was generally maintained throughout the follow-up period. Average HbA1c reductions from the 6 months pre- to 1 year post-index date were -1.2% for GLP-1 RA, -1.6% for OADs, and -1.8% for basal insulin. HbA1c < 7.0% at 1 year occurred in 32.6%, 47.5%, and 41.1% of patients, respectively. Annual healthcare costs (mean [SD]) were lowest for OAD (US$10,074 [$22,276]) followed by GLP-1 RA (US$14,052 [$23,829]) and basal insulin (US$18,813 [$37,332]).

conclusionDespite robust HbA1c lowering following treatment initiation, many patients did not achieve HbA1c < 7.0%. Basal insulin, generally prescribed for patients with high baseline HbA1c, was associated with a large reduction in HbA1c and with higher costs. Therapy intensification at an appropriate time could lead to clinical and economic benefits and should be investigated further.

fundingSanofi U.S., Inc.

Indexed as

Basal insulinClinical inertiaGLP-1 RAOral antidiabetes drugsTreatment intensificationType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID29675797
PMCPMC5984932
OpenAlexW2801068148

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.