ReviewACS chemical neuroscience2018
DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Cathinone-Derived Psychostimulants.
Review in ACS chemical neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synthetic Cathinones and Neurotoxicity Risks: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Locomotor and discriminative stimulus effects of N-cyclohexyl butylone and N-cyclohexyl methylone.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Central nervous system stimulants in recreational and medical use.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
- Polydrug fatal intoxication involving MDPHP: Detection and in silico investigation of multiple 3,4-methylenedioxy-derived designer drugs and their metabolites.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2025Article
- Acute Pharmacological Effects of Two Synthetic Cathinones in Humans: An Observational Study ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- From Psychoactivity to Antimicrobial Agents: Multifaceted Applications of Synthetic Cathinones andMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects of congeners of amphetamine on the human heart.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Cardiotoxicity After Synthetic Cathinone Use; Two Cases, A Case Series and Scoping Review.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Article
- Structure-activity relationships for locomotor stimulant effects and monoamine transporter interactions of substituted amphetamines and cathinones.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Recurrent Psychotic Episodes Induced by Synthetic Cathinones in a Monozygotic Twin with Drug Addiction: A Case Report.Consortium psychiatricum · 2023Article
- Abuse Potential of Cathinones in Humans: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- An updated review on synthetic cathinones.Archives of toxicology · 2021Review
- Human Neuronal Cell Lines as An In Vitro Toxicological Tool for the Evaluation of Novel Psychoactive Substances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Eutylone and Its Structural Isomers Interact with Monoamine Transporters and Induce Locomotor Stimulation.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2021Article
- A Strategy to Prioritize Emerging Drugs of Abuse for Analysis: Abuse Liability Testing Using Intracranial Self-Stimulation (ICSS) in Rats and Validation with α-Pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP).Emerging trends in drugs, addictions, and health · 2021Article
- Hydride Abstraction as the Rate-Limiting Step of the Irreversible Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase B by Rasagiline and Selegiline: A Computational Empirical Valence Bond Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Four Synthetic Cathinones: 3-Chloromethcathinone, 4-Chloromethcathinone, 4-Fluoro-α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone, and 4-Methoxy-α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone Produce Changes in the Spontaneous Locomotor Activity and Motor Performance in Mice with Varied Profiles.Neurotoxicity research · 2020Article
- Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Psychostimulant Synthetic Cathinones Reveals Nanomolar Antagonist Potency of α-Pyrrolidinohexiophenone at Human Muscarinic MACS chemical neuroscience · 2020Article
- Reinforcing Effects of the Synthetic Cathinone α-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone (α-PPP) in a Repeated Extended Access Binge Paradigm.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Interpol review of controlled substances 2016-2019.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cathinone is a plant alkaloid found in khat leaves of perennial shrubs grown in East Africa. Similar to cocaine, cathinone elicits psychostimulant effects which are in part attributed to its amphetamine-like structure. Around 2010, home laboratories began altering the parent structure of cathinone to synthesize derivatives with mechanisms of action, potencies, and pharmacokinetics permitting high abuse potential and toxicity. These "synthetic cathinones" include 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone), 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), and the empathogenic agent 3,4-methylenedioxymethcathinone (methylone) which collectively gained international popularity following aggressive online marketing as well as availability in various retail outlets. Case reports made clear the health risks associated with these agents and, in 2012, the Drug Enforcement Agency of the United States placed a series of synthetic cathinones on Schedule I under emergency order. Mechanistically, cathinone and synthetic derivatives work by augmenting monoamine transmission through release facilitation and/or presynaptic transport inhibition. Animal studies confirm the rewarding and reinforcing properties of synthetic cathinones by utilizing self-administration, place conditioning, and intracranial self-stimulation assays and additionally show persistent neuropathological features which demonstrate a clear need to better understand this class of drugs. This Review will thus detail (i) historical context of cathinone use and the rise of "dark" synthetic derivatives, (ii) structural features and mechanisms of synthetic cathinones, (iii) behavioral effects observed clinically and in animals under controlled laboratory conditions, and (iv) neurotransmitters and circuits that may be targeted to manage synthetic cathinone abuse in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.