Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29720161›Full record

Trial reportBMC health services research2018

Evaluation of a training program of hypertension for accredited social health activists (ASHA) in rural India.

Marwa Abdel-All, Amanda Gay Thrift, Michaela Riddell, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan Thankappan, Gomathyamma Krishnakurup Mini, Clara K Chow, Pallab Kumar Maulik, Ajay Mahal, Rama Guggilla, Kartik Kalyanram and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC health services research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.

Marwa Abdel-AllThe George Institute for Global Health, et Sydney, PO Box M 201, Missenden Road, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia. mabdel-all@georgeinstitute.org.au.ORCID 0000-0001-8103-1498
Amanda Gay ThriftDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Michaela RiddellDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan ThankappanAchutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Gomathyamma Krishnakurup MiniAchutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Clara K ChowThe George Institute for Global Health, et Sydney, PO Box M 201, Missenden Road, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia.
Pallab Kumar MaulikThe George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India.
Ajay MahalMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Rama GuggillaThe George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India.
Kartik KalyanramRishi Valley Rural Health Centre, Rishi Valley, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Kamakshi KartikRishi Valley Rural Health Centre, Rishi Valley, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Oduru SureshDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Roger George EvansCardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Brian OldenburgMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Nihal ThomasDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Rohina JoshiThe George Institute for Global Health, et Sydney, PO Box M 201, Missenden Road, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia.
Monash Health · AUThe University of Melbourne · AUThe University of Sydney · AUAmrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre · INAustralian Regenerative Medicine Institute · AUChristian Medical College, Vellore · INGeorge Institute for Global Health · INSree Chitra Thirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology · INThe George Institute for Global Health · AUThe George Institute for Global Health · GB

Funding

Australian National Heart Foundation GNT100484DBT India Alliance IA/I/13/1/500879National Health and Medical Research Council GNT1042600Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of premature death and disability in India. Since access to health services is poor in rural India and Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) are available throughout India for maternal and child health, a potential solution for improving hypertension control is by utilising this available workforce. We aimed to develop and implement a training package for ASHAs to identify and control hypertension in the community, and evaluate the effectiveness of the training program using the Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model.

methodsThe training program was part of a cluster randomised feasibility trial of a 3-month intervention to improve hypertension outcomes in South India. Training materials incorporated details on managing hypertension, goal setting, facilitating group meetings, and how to measure blood pressure and weight. The 15 ASHAs attended a five-day training workshop that was delivered using interactive instructional strategies. ASHAs then led community-based education support groups for 3 months. Training was evaluated using Kirkpatrick's evaluation model for measuring reactions, learning, behaviour and results using tests on knowledge at baseline, post-training and post-intervention, observation of performance during meetings and post-intervention interviews.

resultsThe ASHAs' knowledge of hypertension improved from a mean score of 64% at baseline to 76% post-training and 84% after the 3-month intervention. Research officers, who observed the community meetings, reported that ASHAs delivered the self-management content effectively without additional assistance. The ASHAs reported that the training materials were easy to understand and useful in educating community members.

conclusionASHAs can be trained to lead community-based group educational discussions and support individuals for the management of high blood pressure.

trial registrationThe feasibility trial is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry - India (CTRI) CTRI/2016/02/006678 (25/02/2016).

Indexed as

AdultClinical CompetenceCommunity Health WorkersHumansHypertensionIndiaMiddle AgedProgram EvaluationRural Health ServicesASHAHypertensionIndiaKirkpatrick evaluation modelTraining evaluation

Identifiers

PMID29720161
PMCPMC5932780
OpenAlexW2806014809

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.