ReviewSeminars in immunopathology2018
Intricate relationships between naked viruses and extracellular vesicles in the crosstalk between pathogen and host.
Review in Seminars in immunopathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Vesicles Released by Picornavirus-Infected Cells Modify Antiviral Immune Cell Responses.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Evaluating the utility of a nanoscale flow cytometer for detection of surface proteins on HIV and extracellular vesicles.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Expanding Horizons: Next-Generation and Interdisciplinary Advances in the Applications of Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Review
- Flow virometry: recent advancements, best practices, and future frontiers.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- FishJournal of virology · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Immune System Function: Exploring Novel Approaches to Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles as human therapeutics: A scoping review of the literature.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- The roles of extracellular vesicles in the immune system.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
- The Roles of Exosomal Proteins: Classification, Function, and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- HSV-1 selectively packs the transcription factor Oct-1 into EVs to facilitate its infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Many Ways to Communicate-Crosstalk between the HBV-Infected Cell and Its Environment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fluorescence Spectroscopic Analysis of Lateral and Transbilayer Fluidity of Exosome Membranes.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2022Article
- Microbial Natural Products with Antiviral Activities, Including Anti-SARS-CoV-2: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Biogenesis of JC polyomavirus associated extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2022Article
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Progress and Remaining Hurdles in Developing Regulatory Compliant Quality Control Assays.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Review
- Enterovirus 71 non-structural protein 3A hijacks vacuolar protein sorting 25 to boost exosome biogenesis to facilitate viral replication.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Macrophages on Host-Pathogen Interaction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Opportunities to Understand and Detect Neoplastic Diseases.Veterinary pathology · 2021Review
- Stem Cell Based Exosomes: Are They Effective in Disease or Health?Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: Roles in Human Viral Infections, Immune-Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Applications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It is a long-standing paradigm in the field of virology that naked viruses cause lysis of infected cells to release progeny virus. However, recent data indicate that naked virus types of the Picornaviridae and Hepeviridae families can also leave cells via an alternative route involving enclosure in fully host-derived lipid bilayers. The resulting particles resemble extracellular vesicles (EV), which are 50 nm-1 μm vesicles released by all cells. These EV contain lipids, proteins, and RNA, and generally serve as vehicles for intercellular communication in various (patho)physiological processes. EV can act as carriers of naked viruses and as invisibility cloaks to evade immune attacks. However, the exact combination of virions and host-derived molecules determines how these virus-containing EV affect spread of infection and/or triggering of antiviral immune responses. An underexposed aspect in this research area is that infected cells likely release multiple types of virus-induced and constitutively released EV with unique molecular composition and function. In this review, we identify virus-, cell-, and environment-specific factors that shape the EV population released by naked virus-infected cells. In addition, current findings on the formation and molecular composition of EV induced by different virus types will be compared and placed in the context of the widely proven heterogeneity of EV populations and biases caused by different EV isolation methodologies. Close interactions between the fields of EV biology and virology will help to further delineate the intricate relationship between EV and naked viruses and its relevance for viral life cycles and outcomes of viral infections.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.