ReviewCurrent pharmaceutical biotechnology2018
Glutamatergic Deficits in Schizophrenia - Biomarkers and Pharmacological Interventions within the Ketamine Model.
Review in Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamatergic Modulation of Brain Function in Psychosis: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Pooled it
- Reduced auditory evoked gamma-band response and schizophrenia-like clinical symptoms under subanesthetic ketamine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- A neuroscientific model of near-death experiences.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Different Impacts of Ketamine on Neurotrophic Factors and Inflammatory Parameters in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Sepsis Model.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Article
- Model-Based Approaches to Investigating Mismatch Responses in Schizophrenia.Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2025Review
- Dysfunction of the NMDA Receptor in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and/or the Pathomechanisms of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- A comparison of visual and acoustic mismatch negativity as potential biomarkers in schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Metergoline Shares Properties with Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs Identified by Gene Expression Signature Screen.Neurotoxicity research · 2023Article
- Blood-Based MicroRNAs in Psychotic Disorders-A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Opposite Modulation of the NMDA Receptor by Glycine and S-Ketamine and the Effects on Resting State EEG Gamma Activity: New Insights into the Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Role of fMRI in Drug Development: An Update.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Article
- Dopamine, Psychosis, and Symptom Fluctuation: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The effect of AUT00206, a Kv3 potassium channel modulator, on dopamine synthesis capacity and the reliability of [Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism impairs sensory gating in the auditory cortex in response to speech stimuli.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Mathematical Model Insights into EEG Origin under Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in the Context of Psychosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Neurobehavioral Differences of Valproate and Risperidone on MK-801 Inducing Acute Hyperlocomotion in Mice.Behavioural neurology · 2022Article
- (R,S)-ketamine and (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine differentially affect memory as a function of dosing frequency.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Ketamine Alters Functional Gamma and Theta Resting-State Connectivity in Healthy Humans: Implications for Schizophrenia Treatment Targeting the Glutamate System.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Fifty Years of Research on Schizophrenia: The Ascendance of the Glutamatergic Synapse.The American journal of psychiatry · 2020Review
- Axon morphology of rapid Golgi-stained pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia.Croatian medical journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe observation that N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists such as ketamine transiently induce schizophrenia-like positive, negative and cognitive symptoms has led to a paradigm shift from dopaminergic to glutamatergic dysfunction in pharmacological models of schizophrenia. NMDAR hypofunction can explain many schizophrenia symptoms directly due to excitatory-to-inhibitory (E/I) imbalance, but also dopaminergic dysfunction itself. However, so far no new drug targeting the NMDAR has been successfully approved. In the search for possible biomarkers it is interesting that ketamine-induced psychopathological changes in healthy participants were accompanied by altered electro-(EEG), magnetoencephalographic (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals.
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed/Medline and Web of Knowledge databases (January 2006 to July 2017) to identify EEG/MEG and fMRI studies of the ketamine model of schizophrenia with human subjects. The search strategy identified 209 citations of which 46 articles met specified eligibility criteria.
resultsIn EEG/MEG studies, ketamine induced changes of event-related potentials, such as the P300 potential and the mismatch negativity, similar to alterations observed in schizophrenia patients. In fMRI studies, alterations of activation were observed in different brain regions, most prominently within the anterior cingulate cortex and limbic structures as well as task-relevant brain regions. These alterations were accompanied by changes in functional connectivity, indicating a balance shift of the underlying brain networks. Pharmacological treatments did alter ketamine-induced changes in EEG/MEG and fMRI studies to different extents.
conclusionThis review highlights the potential applicability of the ketamine model for schizophrenia drug development by offering the possibility to assess the effect of pharmacological agents on schizophrenia- like symptoms and to find relevant neurophysiological and neuroimaging biomarkers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.