Evidence mapPaperPMID 29945886Full record

ReviewGenes & development2018

Molecular mechanisms of the preventable causes of cancer in the United States.

Erica A Golemis, Paul Scheet, Tim N Beck, Eward M Scolnick, David J Hunter, Ernest Hawk, Nancy Hopkins

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genes & development, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Machine learning driven LDFrontiers in oncology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
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  12. Review
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  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. The repertoire of mutational signatures in tobacco- and non-tobacco-induced oral cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023
    Review
  20. Article

14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Erica A GolemisProgram in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.
Paul ScheetDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Tim N BeckProgram in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.
Eward M ScolnickEli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
David J HunterNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Medical Sciences Division, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom.
Ernest HawkDivision of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas 77030, USA.
Nancy HopkinsKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Funding

Protocol Review and Monitoring SystemP30CA016672 · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · 1985 to 2025
$57.3M
WORD PROCESSING CENTER--COREP30CA006927 · RESEARCH INST OF FOX CHASE CAN CTR · 1985 to 2025
$48.9M
NCI NIH HHS F30 CA180607NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006927NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016672NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK108195
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Annually, there are 1.6 million new cases of cancer and nearly 600,000 cancer deaths in the United States alone. The public health burden associated with these numbers has motivated enormous research efforts into understanding the root causes of cancer. These efforts have led to the recognition that between 40% and 45% of cancers are associated with preventable risk factors and, importantly, have identified specific molecular mechanisms by which these exposures modify human physiology to induce or promote cancer. The increasingly refined knowledge of these mechanisms, which we summarize here, emphasizes the need for greater efforts toward primary cancer prevention through mitigation of modifiable risk factors. It also suggests exploitable avenues for improved secondary prevention (which includes the development of therapeutics designed for cancer interception and enhanced techniques for noninvasive screening and early detection) based on detailed knowledge of early neoplastic pathobiology. Such efforts would complement the current emphasis on the development of therapeutic approaches to treat established cancers and are likely to result in far greater gains in reducing morbidity and mortality.

Indexed as

Primary PreventionEarly Detection of CancerHumansNeoplasmsRisk FactorsUnited Statescancer mechanismscancer preventionearly detection

Identifiers

PMID29945886
PMCPMC6075032

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.