ArticleScientific reports2018
The extent of extra-axonal tissue damage determines the levels of CSPG upregulation and the success of experimental axon regeneration in the CNS.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurodevelopmental miR-135a-1-3p and miR-135b-3p promote long-distance axon regeneration after injury in the central visual pathway.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Extrinsic Regulation of Optic Nerve Axon Regeneration in the Adult Central Nervous System.Cells · 2026Review
- Experimental upregulation of Lancl1 promotes axon regeneration after optic nerve injury in vivo.Experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Augmenting fibronectin levels in injured adult CNS promotes axon regeneration in vivo.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Nfe2l3 promotes neuroprotection and long-distance axon regeneration after injury in vivo.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Upregulation of developmentally-downregulated miR-1247-5p promotes neuroprotection and axon regeneration in vivo.Neuroscience letters · 2024Article
- Experimental upregulation of developmentally downregulated ribosomal protein large subunits 7 and 7A promotes axon regeneration after injury in vivo.Experimental neurology · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of retinal cells reveals a subpopulation of microglia/macrophages expressing Rbpms marker of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that confound identification of RGCs.Brain research · 2023Article
- Experimental gene expression of developmentally downregulated Crmp1, Crmp4, and Crmp5 promotes axon regeneration and retinal ganglion cell survival after optic nerve injury.Brain research · 2023Article
- Pten inhibition dedifferentiates long-distance axon-regenerating intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and upregulates mitochondria-associated Dynlt1a and Lars2.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Post-injury born oligodendrocytes incorporate into the glial scar and contribute to the inhibition of axon regeneration.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of retinal cells reveals a subpopulation of microglia/macrophages expressing Rbpms and Spp1 markers of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that confound identification of RGCs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- The factors affecting neurogenesis after stroke and the role of acupuncture.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Degeneration of retina-brain components and connections in glaucoma: Disease causation and treatment options for eyesight preservation.Current research in neurobiology · 2022Review
- Developmentally upregulated transcriptional elongation factor a like 3 suppresses axon regeneration after optic nerve injury.Neuroscience letters · 2021Article
- Glycosylation in Axonal Guidance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Therapeutic Drugs and Devices for Tackling Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma, and Need for Neuroprotection and Cytoprotective Therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Sheath-Preserving Optic Nerve Transection in Rats to Assess Axon Regeneration and Interventions Targeting the Retinal Ganglion Cell Axon.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2020Article
- Molecular complexity of visual mapping: a challenge for regenerating therapy.Neural regeneration research · 2020Review
- Melatonin combined with chondroitin sulfate ABC promotes nerve regeneration after root-avulsion brachial plexus injury.Neural regeneration research · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The failure of mature central nervous system (CNS) projection neurons to regenerate axons over long distances drastically limits the recovery of functions lost after various CNS injuries and diseases. Although a number of manipulations that stimulate some degree of axon regeneration that overcomes the inhibitory environment after CNS injury have been discovered, the extent of regeneration remains very limited, emphasizing the need for improved therapies. Regenerating axons need nerve tissue environment capable of supporting their growth, and severe extra-axonal tissue damage and remodeling after injury may disrupt such environment. Here, we used traumatic injury to the mouse optic nerve as a model system to investigate how the extent of extra-axonal tissue damage affects experimental axon regeneration. Axon regeneration was stimulated by the shRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of Pten gene expression in the retinal ganglion cells, and the extent of extra-axonal tissue damage was varied by changing the duration of optic nerve crush. Although no axons were spared using either 1 or 5 seconds crush, we found that Pten KD-stimulated axon regeneration was significantly reduced in 5 seconds compared with 1 second crush. The more severe extra-axonal tissue damage did not cause tissue atrophy, but led to significantly higher upregulation of axon growth-inhibiting chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) in the glial scar and also enlarged glial scar size, compared with less severely damaged tissue. Thus, the success of axon-regenerating approaches that target neuronal intrinsic mechanisms of axon growth is dependent on the preservation of appropriate extra-axonal tissue environment, which may need to be co-concurrently repaired by tissue remodeling methods.
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