SynthesisEuropean journal of epidemiology2018
Selenium exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating agreement between individual nutrition randomised controlled trials and cohort studies - a meta-epidemiological study.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The association between blood selenium and metabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Evaluation of Fetal Exposures to Metals and Metalloids through Meconium Analyses: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Selenium and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Trace Element and Mineral Levels in Serum, Hair, and Urine of Obese Women in Relation to Body Composition, Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, and Insulin Resistance.Biomolecules · 2021Trial
- Diverse Associations of Plasma Selenium Concentrations and SELENOP Gene Polymorphism with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Trial
- Stratified Reference Intervals for Serum Selenium by Selenium Environment, Health, and Physiological Status in Populations from Shaanxi Province, China.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Targeted Supplementation and Nutritional Strategies for Healthy Aging: A Review of Physiological and Molecular Benefits.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Trace Elements in the Pancreas: From Physiological Homeostasis to the Pathogenesis of Diabetes, Pancreatitis, and Cancer-A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Serine Supplementation Attenuates High-Selenium-Induced Insulin Resistance via Feedback Inhibition of PHGDH in Mice.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Inflammation Mediates the Associations Between Selenium Status and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Females Over 45 Years Old: a National Cross-Sectional Study.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- WRKY transcription factors govern selenium metabolism in Broussonetia papyrifera: genome-wide identification, expression profiling, and regulatory network analysis.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Letter to the editor regarding "L-shaped association of selenium in blood metals mixtures with the incidence of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis: NHANES 2017-2020".International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Micronutrient balance and brain function: neuropsychological, metabolic, and clinical interactions.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Effects of mixed blood metals on hearing loss among steel workers: a case-control study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Association of selenium with type 2 diabetes and obesity: A univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Activation of the De Novo Serine Synthesis Pathway and Disruption of Insulin Signaling Induced by Supplemental SeMet in Vitro.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Gender differences in plasma element concentrations and associations between selenoprotein P and iron metabolism in a community-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of Serum Selenium with Clinical Features and Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Iranian Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-A Cross-Sectional Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In 2007, supplementation with the trace element selenium in a trial was unexpectedly found to be associated with an excess risk of type 2 diabetes. Given the concerns raised by these findings and the large number of recent studies on this topic, we reviewed the available literature with respect to this possible association. In this paper, we assessed the results of both experimental and nonexperimental epidemiologic studies linking selenium with type 2 diabetes incidence. Through a systematic literature search, we retrieved 50 potentially eligible nonexperimental studies and 5 randomized controlled trials published through June 11, 2018. To elucidate the possible dose-response relation, we selected for further analysis those studies that included multiple exposure levels and serum or plasma levels. We computed a pooled summary risk ratio (RR) of diabetes according to selenium exposure in these studies. We also computed a RR for diabetes incidence following supplementation with 200 µg/day of selenium compared with placebo in trials. In the nonexperimental studies, we found a direct relation between selenium exposure and risk of diabetes, with a clear and roughly linear trend in subjects with higher plasma or serum selenium levels, with RR at 140 µg/L of selenium exposure compared with a referent category of < 45 µg/L equal to 3.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-9.4]. A dose-response meta-analysis focusing on studies with direct assessment of dietary selenium intake showed a similar trend. In experimental studies, selenium supplementation increased the risk of diabetes by 11% (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22) compared with the placebo-allocated participants, with a higher RR in women than in men. Overall, results from both nonexperimental and experimental studies indicate that selenium may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes across a wide range of exposure levels. The relative increase in risk is small but of possible public health importance because of the high incidence of diabetes and the ubiquity of selenium exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.