ArticleBiophysical journal2018
Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Nanodisk Formation by Styrene-Maleic Acid Copolymers.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chain Length-Regulated Poly(styrene-ACS omega · 2026Article
- Poly(styrene-ACS omega · 2026Article
- A comparison of the effect of SMA derivatives on the structural topology and dynamics of two bacteriophage peptides.Chemistry and physics of lipids · 2026Article
- Cooperative Ligand-Mediated Transitions in Simple Macromolecules.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Amphiphilic Copolymers and Their Role in the Study of Membrane Proteins.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2025Review
- Nanopore-Functionalized Hybrid Lipid-Block Copolymer Membranes Allow Efficient Single-Molecule Sampling and Stable Sensing of Human Serum.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Review
- Comparison of cholesterol transport capacity of peptide- and polymer-based lipid Nanodiscs.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2025Article
- Nanodisc Technology: Direction toward Physicochemical Characterization of Chemosensory Membrane Proteins in Food Flavor Research.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2024Review
- Purification of Potassium Ion Channels Using Styrene-Maleic Acid Copolymers.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Enrichment of Membrane Proteins for Downstream Analysis Using Styrene Maleic Acid Lipid Particles (SMALPs) Extraction.Bio-protocol · 2023Article
- pH-tunable membrane-active polymers, NCMNP2a-Chemical science · 2023Article
- Lipid packing is disrupted in copolymeric nanodiscs compared with intact membranes.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Enhancing the stability and homogeneity of non-ionic polymer nanodiscs by tuning electrostatic interactions.Journal of colloid and interface science · 2023Article
- Pore-Forming Proteins: From Pore Assembly to Structure by Quantitative Single-Molecule Imaging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A comparative characterisation of commercially available lipid-polymer nanoparticles formed from model membranes.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2023Article
- Mechanisms of Formation, Structure, and Dynamics of Lipoprotein Discs Stabilized by Amphiphilic Copolymers: A Comprehensive Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Styrene-maleic acid copolymer effects on the function of the GPCR rhodopsin in lipid nanoparticles.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Spontaneous transmembrane pore formation by short-chain synthetic peptide.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Current Developments in Native Nanometric Discoidal Membrane Bilayer Formed by Amphipathic Polymers.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Experimental characterization of membrane proteins often requires solubilization. A recent approach is to use styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymers to isolate membrane proteins in nanometer-sized membrane disks, or so-called SMA lipid particles (SMALPs). The approach has the advantage of allowing direct extraction of proteins, keeping their native lipid environment. Despite the growing popularity of using SMALPs, the molecular mechanism behind the process remains poorly understood. Here, we unravel the molecular details of the nanodisk formation by using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. We show how SMA copolymers bind to the lipid bilayer interface, driven by the hydrophobic effect. Due to the concerted action of multiple adsorbed copolymers, large membrane defects appear, including small, water-filled pores. The copolymers can stabilize the rim of these pores, leading to pore growth and membrane disruption. Although complete solubilization is not seen on the timescale of our simulations, self-assembly experiments show that small nanodisks are the thermodynamically preferred end state. Our findings shed light on the mechanism of SMALP formation and on their molecular structure. This can be an important step toward the design of optimized extraction tools for membrane protein research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.