ArticleDiabetes care2018
A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk.
Article in Diabetes care, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Screening, Staging, and Strategies to Preserve Beta-Cell Function in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Residual β cell function in long-term type 1 diabetes associates with reduced incidence of hypoglycemia.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Trial
- Predicting future risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus using polygenic scores: a cohort study.Diabetologia · 2026Observational
- Age-independent immune subtypes in type 1 diabetes exhibit distinct post-onset progression rates and immunotherapeutic responses.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Islet Autoantibody Patterns Vary by Race and Ethnicity and Area Deprivation Index for Individuals at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Development and application of type 1 diabetes polygenic scores across diverse populations.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Genetic basis of Asian diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Review
- The Risk of Disease Progression of Type 1 Diabetes in First-Degree Relatives of People With Type 1 Diabetes: Design and Rationale of a Prospective, Longitudinal Study in China.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic diseases: A novel paradigm in embryo selection.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Genetic Predictors of Response to Oral Insulin for Type 1 Diabetes Prevention.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Genetic Risk and Transition Through Preclinical Stages of Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Article
- A CD40-targeting peptide, OPT501, modulates inflammation in canine diabetes mellitus improving clinical outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Smoking, GAD65 autoimmunity, genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and incident adult-onset diabetes in the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study.Metabologia · 2026Article
- Polygenic score from MODY genes is associated with type 1 diabetes and disease characteristics.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes in the Era of Disease-Modifying Immune Therapy.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Review
- Review
- The Heterogeneity of Type 1 Diabetes: Implications for Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment-2024 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Diabetes mellitus polygenic risk scores: heterogeneity and clinical translation.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- The heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes: implications for pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment-2024 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.Diabetologia · 2025Review
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables.
resultsHigher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6;
conclusionsThe T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.