Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2019
The insulinotropic effect of a high-protein nutrient preload is mediated by the increase of plasma amino acids in type 2 diabetes.
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02342834 (Mechanisms Through Which a Small Protein and Lipid Preload Improves Glucose Tolerance in Subjects With Impaired Glucose Homeostasis), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mechanisms Through Which a Small Protein and Lipid Preload Improves Glucose Tolerance in Subjects With Impaired Glucose Homeostasis
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutrient intake order on metabolic outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta diabetologica · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of high-protein diets on the cardiometabolic factors and reproductive hormones of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition & diabetes · 2024Pooled it
- Pea protein preload improves postprandial glucose response in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Low-calorie, high-protein diets, regardless of protein source, improve glucose metabolism and cardiometabolic profiles in subjects with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion is associated with urinary albumin excretion in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.World journal of diabetes · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Diet and physical activity behaviors among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Are they different from healthy women?JBRA assisted reproduction · 2026Article
- Article
- L-valine is a powerful stimulator of GLP-1 secretion in rodents and stimulates secretion through ATP-sensitive potassium channels and voltage-gated calcium channels.Nutrition & diabetes · 2024Article
- Proatherogenic changes in lipoprotein particles associated with a high triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in youths.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Article
- Nutrients and Cardiometabolic Health in Type 2 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Chronometabolism: The Timing of the Consumption of Meals Has a Greater Influence Than Glycemic Index (GI) on the Postprandial Metabolome.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Dietary intake of specific amino acids and liver status in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: fatty liver in obesity (FLiO) study.European journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Gut-Based Strategies to Reduce Postprandial Glycaemia in Type 2 Diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids Are Associated With Greater Fasting and Postprandial Insulin Secretion in Non-diabetic Chinese Adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- A Protein/Lipid Preload Attenuates Glucose-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Individuals with Abnormal Glucose Tolerance.Nutrients · 2020Article
- The Clinical Application of Mealtime Whey Protein for the Treatment of Postprandial Hyperglycaemia for People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Long Whey to Go.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Review
- Peptone-mediated glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion depends on intestinal absorption and activation of basolaterally located Calcium-Sensing Receptors.Physiological reports · 2019Article
- Exosomes of pasteurized milk: potential pathogens of Western diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsEating protein before carbohydrate reduces postprandial glucose excursions by enhancing insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We tested the hypothesis that this insulinotropic effect depends on the elevation of plasma amino acids (AA) after the digestion of food protein.
methodsIn 16 T2D patients, we measured plasma AA levels through the course of two 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) preceded by either 500-ml water or a high-protein nutrient preload (50-g Parmesan cheese, one boiled egg, and 300-ml water). Changes in beta cell function were evaluated by measuring and modelling plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide through the OGTT. Changes in incretin hormone secretion were assessed by measuring plasma GLP-1.
resultsPlasma AA levels were 24% higher after the nutrient preload (p < 0.0001). This increment was directly proportional to both the enhancement of beta cell function (r = 0.58, p = 0.02) and the plasma GLP-1 gradients (r = 0.57, p = 0.02) produced by the nutrient preload. Among single AA, glutamine showed the strongest correlation with changes in beta cell function (r = 0.61, p = 0.01), while leucine showed the strongest correlation with GLP-1 responses (r = 0.74, p = 0.001).
conclusionsThe elevation of circulating AA that occurs after a high-protein nutrient preload is associated with an enhancement of beta cell function and GLP-1 secretion in T2D. Manipulating the meal sequence of nutrient ingestion may reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia through a direct and GLP-1-mediated stimulation of insulin secretion by plasma AA. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02342834.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.