ArticleBMJ open2018
Effects of retinopathy and chronic kidney disease on long-term mortality in type 2 diabetic inpatients with normal urinary albumin or protein: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of retinopathy with risk of all-cause and specific-cause mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005 to 2008.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Scores of peripheral neuropathic pain predicting long-term mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Update on pathogenesis and diagnosis flow of normoalbuminuric diabetes with renal insufficiency.European journal of medical research · 2021Review
- Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and multiple cardiovascular risk factors: An Asian perspective and expert recommendations.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Review
- Vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, and lipid metabolism and the occurrence of non-high albuminuria diabetic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study.Diabetes & vascular disease researchArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveNormoalbuminuric chronic kidney disease (NA-CKD) is recognised as a distinct phenotype of diabetic kidney disease, but the role of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in predicting long-term mortality among these patients remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of DR and CKD on mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria.
designWe conducted this study as a retrospective cohort study.
settingWe collected clinical information from the medical records of a public medical centre in central Taiwan.
participantsPatients with type 2 diabetes (n=665) who were hospitalised due to poor glucose control were consecutively enrolled and followed for a median of 6.7 years (IQR 4.1‒9.6 years). Patients with either urinary protein excretion >150 mg/day or urine albumin excretion >30 mg/day were excluded. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: All-cause mortality served as the primary follow-up outcome, and the mortality data were obtained from the national registry in Taiwan.
resultsThe patients with CKD and DR showed the highest mortality rate (log-rank p<0.001). The risks of all-cause mortality (HR 2.263; 95% CI 1.551 to 3.302) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.471; 95% CI 1.421 to 4.297) were significantly greater in patients with CKD and DR than in those without CKD or DR, after adjusting for the associated risk factors.
conclusionsDR is an independent predictor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetic inpatients with normoalbuminuria. Moreover, DR with CKD shows the highest risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among these patients. Funduscopy screening can provide additive information on mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes, even among those with NA-CKD.
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