ArticleNeurotoxicity research2019
Alterations in the Gut Microbiota of Rats Chronically Exposed to Volatilized Cocaine and Its Active Adulterants Caffeine and Phenacetin.
Article in Neurotoxicity research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methamphetamine induces long-lasting dysbiosis of the gut microbiota.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
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- Microbiome-derived metabolites in substance use disorders: Mechanisms and implications.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Review
- Intestinal barrier damage caused by addictive substance use disorder.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) as a gut microbiome dependent immune factor that alters molecular and behavioral responses to cocaine in male mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Chronic Cocaine Use and Parkinson's Disease: An Interpretative Model.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- A gut (microbiome) feeling about addiction: Interactions with stress and social systems.Neurobiology of stress · 2024Review
- Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Gut Microbiome Mechanisms in Substance Use Disorders.Biological psychiatry · 2024Review
- Cocaine hydrochloride, cocaine methiodide and methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) cause distinct alterations in the structure and composition of the gut microbiota.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Modulation of Gut Microbiome in Ecstasy/MDMA-Induced Behavioral and Biochemical Impairment in Rats and Potential of Post-Treatment withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Oral and fecal microbiota perturbance in cocaine users: Can rTMS-induced cocaine abstinence support eubiosis restoration?iScience · 2023Article
- HIV Tat Expression and Cocaine Exposure Lead to Sex- and Age-Specific Changes of the Microbiota Composition in the Gut.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Differences in clinical features and gut microbiota between individuals with methamphetamine casual use and methamphetamine use disorder.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Potential Role of Host Microbiome in Areca Nut-Associated Carcinogenesis and Addiction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Gut colonization by Proteobacteria alters host metabolism and modulates cocaine neurobehavioral responses.Cell host & microbe · 2022Article
- In Utero Exposure to Caffeine and Acetaminophen, the Gut Microbiome, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Oral Enrichment of Streptococcus and its Role in Systemic Inflammation Related to Monocyte Activation in Humans with Cocaine Use Disorder.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2022Article
- Early-Life Exposure to Non-Absorbable Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics Affects the Dopamine Mesocorticolimbic Pathway of Adult Rats in a Sex-Dependent Manner.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A role of the gut microbiota in influencing brain function and emotional disorders has been suggested. However, only a few studies have investigated the gut microbiota in the context of drug addiction.Cocaine can be smoked (i.e., crack or coca paste) and its consumption is associated with a very high abuse liability and toxicity. We have recently reported that cocaine base seized samples contained caffeine and phenacetin as main active adulterants, which may potentiate its motivational, reinforcing, and toxic effects. However, the effect of volatilized cocaine and adulterants on the gut microbiota remained unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of volatilized cocaine and two adulterants on the structure, diversity, and functionality of the gut microbiota in rats. Animals were chronically exposed to the fume of cocaine, caffeine, and phenacetin during 14 days. At the end of the treatment, feces were collected and the structure, composition, and functional predictions of the gut microbiota were analyzed. Cocaine significantly decreased the community richness and diversity of the gut microbiota while both cocaine and phenacetin drastically changed its composition. Phenacetin significantly increased the Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes ratio compared to the control group. When the predicted metagenome functional content of the bacterial communities was analyzed, all the treatments induced a dramatic decrease of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase gene. Our findings suggest that repeated exposure to volatilized cocaine, as well as to the adulterants caffeine and phenacetin, leads to changes in the gut microbiota. Future studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these changes and how this information may support the development of novel treatments in drug addiction.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.