ReviewNeuropharmacology2019
Pathophysiology and treatment of cerebral edema in traumatic brain injury.
Review in Neuropharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07358312 (Traumatic Brain Injury - Efficacy of Steroids in Acute Vasogenic Edema), which is not on this map. Cited by 240 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Traumatic Brain Injury - Efficacy of Steroids in Acute Vasogenic Edema
Who cites it
240 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 453 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neural stem cell transplantation in rodent models of traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Pooled it
- Therapeutic hypothermia in patients with traumatic brain injury: an umbrella review.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in neuroprotection: brain and spinal cord injury focus.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of early adjunctive pharmacotherapy on serum levels of brain injury biomarkers in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of randomized controlled studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Progesterone on Preclinical Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects and neuroprotective mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation on cognitive impairment with traumatic brain injury in animal studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Intracranial pressure physiology, monitoring and individualized management in the acute brain injured patient.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- AI-Designed TREM1-Targeted LYTAC Nanoparticles Reprogram the Neuroimmune Microenvironment in Traumatic Brain Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- ACP5-positive macrophages contribute to cerebral oedema and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Semaglutide exerts neuroprotective effects by blocking the interleukin-17/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3-mediated neuroinflammation pathway after traumatic brain injury.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Corticosteroid Therapy on Neurological Outcomes in Near-Hanging Patients With Altered Sensorium: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial (CHANGING Trial).JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Continuous 3% Saline Infusion Combined with 7.5% Hypertonic Saline Bolus is Associated with Lower Mortality in Patients with Severe Brain Injury: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Fenofibrate alleviates the brain edema after traumatic brain injury by enhancing endothelial OXPHOS.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Intravenous megadose sodium ascorbate normalises elevations in intracranial pressure and restores pressor responsiveness to norepinephrine in ovine Gram-negative sepsis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Electrolyte-derived clinical indices in traumatic brain injury: A narrative review.World journal of methodology · 2026Review
- Neuronal Injury and Regeneration-Linked Gene Expression Dynamics in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Following Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Effect of Desmopressin on Attaining Therapeutic Hypernatremia with Hypertonic Saline Continuous Infusion in Intracranial Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Single-nucleus analysis reveals human-specific oligodendrocyte polarization and conserved neuronal responses after severe traumatic brain injury.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Protein Predictors of Worsening Cerebral Edema in Traumatic Brain Injury in Critically Ill Patients.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- GFAP degradation in TBI: linking novel modified products to astrocyte pathology and patient outcome.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
180 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral edema (CE) and resultant intracranial hypertension are associated with unfavorable prognosis in traumatic brain injury (TBI). CE is a leading cause of in-hospital mortality, occurring in >60% of patients with mass lesions, and ∼15% of those with normal initial computed tomography scans. After treatment of mass lesions in severe TBI, an important focus of acute neurocritical care is evaluating and managing the secondary injury process of CE and resultant intracranial hypertension. This review focuses on a contemporary understanding of various pathophysiologic pathways contributing to CE, with a subsequent description of potential targeted therapies. There is a discussion of identified cellular/cytotoxic contributors to CE, as well as mechanisms that influence blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption/vasogenic edema, with the caveat that this distinction may be somewhat artificial since molecular processes contributing to these pathways are interrelated. While an exhaustive discussion of all pathways with putative contributions to CE is beyond the scope of this review, the roles of some key contributors are highlighted, and references are provided for further details. Potential future molecular targets for treating CE are presented based on pathophysiologic mechanisms. We thus aim to provide a translational synopsis of present and future strategies targeting CE after TBI in the context of a paradigm shift towards precision medicine. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Novel Treatments for Traumatic Brain Injury".
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.