ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2018
Psychological Distress, Self-Beliefs, and Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transitions and trajectories in intrinsic capacity states over time: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Beneficial Effect of Societal Factors on APOE-ε2 and ε4 Carriers' Brain Health: A Systematic Review.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Five-Factor Model Personality Traits and the Trajectory of Episodic Memory: Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis of 471,821 Memory Assessments from 120,640 Participants.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Longitudinal relations between sleep quality, psychological distress, and cognitive function among rural older adults: a cross-lagged network analysis.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations of psychological distress with subsequent cognitive decline and dementia: a multi-cohort study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Perceived control, brain health, and cognitive reserve: longitudinal resilience mechanisms in Black, White, and Hispanic older adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Relationship quality moderates the association between neighborhood disadvantage and cognition among Mexican American older adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Mild cognitive impairment risk related to multiple functional impairments in older adults in Taiwan.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of suicide attempt: evidence from a population-based cohort and genomic analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effects of Unequal Treatment, Verbal Harassment, and Physical Violence on Subjective Cognitive Health Among Middle-Aged and Older LGBTQ Adults: Variation by Type and Basis of Victimization.Annals of LGBTQ public and population health · 2025Article
- Quality of life, religion/spirituality, and dementia risk among Black people in the US.Aging & mental health · 2025Observational
- Association of Perceived Acoustic Environment Exposure and Nonrestorative Sleep with Cognitive Functioning Among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- When and how perceived control buffers against cognitive declines: A moderated mediation analysis.Psychology and aging · 2025Article
- Could the Early Detection of Atrial Fibrillation Reduce the Risk of Developing Dementia?Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Personality and cognitive errors in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study.Journal of research in personality · 2024Article
- The effects of sustained mild sleep restriction on stress and distress among healthy adults: Findings from two randomized crossover studies.Sleep medicine · 2024Article
- Informant-rated change in personality traits, psychological distress, well-being, and social connection with dementia.Archives of gerontology and geriatrics · 2023Article
- Possible cognition changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a narrative review.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2023Article
- Sense of Purpose in Life and Beliefs and Knowledge of Alzheimer's Disease.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2023Article
- Do supportive work environments matter for minority aging? Work stress and subjective cognitive impairment among middle-age and older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer adults.Acta psychologica · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Depressive symptoms and a history of mental disorders are associated with increased risk for dementia. Less is known about whether other aspects of psychological distress and negative self-beliefs also increase risk. The purpose of this research is to examine 1) whether eight aspects of psychological distress and self-beliefs (anxiety, negative affect, hostility, anger-in, anger-out, hopelessness, pessimism, perceived constraints) are associated with risk of incident dementia and cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND), 2) whether the associations are independent of depressive symptoms and history of a mental health diagnosis, and 3) whether the associations are also independent of behavioral, clinical, and genetic risk factors. A total of 9,913 participants (60% female) from the Health and Retirement Study completed the baseline measures, scored in the non-impaired range of cognition at baseline, and had cognitive status assessed across the 6-8-year follow-up. Baseline measures included eight aspects of psychological distress and self-beliefs, cognitive performance, depressive symptoms, and genetic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors. Participants who scored higher on anxiety, negative affect, hostility, pessimism, hopelessness, and perceived constraints were at a 20-30% increased risk of dementia and a 10-20% increased risk of CIND. The associations held controlling for baseline depressive symptoms, history of a mental health diagnosis, clinical and behavioral risk factors, and genetic risk. Anger-in and anger-out were unrelated to risk of either dementia or CIND. Independent of the core experience of depressed affect, other aspects of negative emotionality and self-beliefs increase risk of mild and severe cognitive impairment, which suggests additional targets of intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.