Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30137481›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2018

A Ketogenic Diet Reduces Central Obesity and Serum Insulin in Women with Ovarian or Endometrial Cancer.

Caroline W Cohen, Kevin R Fontaine, Rebecca C Arend, Ronald D Alvarez, Charles A Leath, Warner K Huh, Kerri S Bevis, Kenneth H Kim, John M Straughn, Barbara A Gower

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03171506 (Targeted Disruption to Cancer Metabolism Through Dietary Macronutrient Modification), which is not on this map. Cited by 89 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03171506 nacompletednot on this map

Targeted Disruption to Cancer Metabolism Through Dietary Macronutrient Modification

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamRan2015 to 2017Enrolled57ConditionsOvarian Cancer, Endometrial CancerArmsKetogenic diet, AND diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.

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29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Caroline W CohenDepartments of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Kevin R FontaineDepartments of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Rebecca C ArendObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Ronald D AlvarezObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Charles A LeathObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Warner K HuhObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Kerri S BevisObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Kenneth H KimObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
John M StraughnObstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Barbara A GowerDepartments of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

Why is the prevalence of obesity so high in U.S. Southern States? Regional predictors of BMI and obesity treatment response.P30DK056336 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BARBARA A GOWER · 2000 to 2026
$31.9M
University of Alabama at Birmingham's Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079626 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BARBARA A GOWER · 2013 to 2026
$19.5M
UAB Diabetes Research and Training CenterP60DK079626 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI GARVEY, W TIMOTHY · 2008 to 2012
$8.4M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056336NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079626NIDDK NIH HHS P60 DK079626
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The glycolytic nature of cancer cells presents a potential treatment target that may be addressed by a ketogenic diet (KD). Objective: We hypothesized that a KD would improve body composition and lower serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, women with ovarian or endometrial cancer [age: ≥19 y; body mass index (kg/m2): ≥18.5] were randomly assigned to a KD (70:25:5 energy from fat, protein, and carbohydrate) or the American Cancer Society diet (ACS; high-fiber, low-fat). Body composition (DXA) and fasting serum insulin, IGF-I, and β-hydroxybutyrate were obtained at baseline and at 12 wk; urinary ketones were also measured throughout the intervention. We assessed differences between the diets with ANCOVA and independent t tests. We used correlation analyses to estimate associations between changes in serum analytes and body composition. Results: After 12 wk, the KD (compared with ACS) group had lower adjusted total (35.3 compared with 38.0 kg, P < 0.05) and android (3.0 compared with 3.3 kg, P < 0.05) fat mass. Percentage of change in visceral fat was greater in the KD group (compared with the ACS group; -21.2% compared with -4.6%, P < 0.05). Adjusted total lean mass did not differ between the groups. The KD (compared with ACS) group had lower adjusted fasting serum insulin (7.6 compared with 11.2 µU/mL, P < 0.01). There was a significant inverse association between the changes in serum β-hydroxybutyrate and IGF-I concentrations (r = -0.57; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: In women with ovarian or endometrial cancer, a KD results in selective loss of fat mass and retention of lean mass. Visceral fat mass and fasting serum insulin also are reduced by the KD, perhaps owing to enhanced insulin sensitivity. Elevated serum β-hydroxybutyrate may reflect a metabolic environment inhospitable to cancer proliferation. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03171506.

Indexed as

Body CompositionDiet, Ketogenic3-Hydroxybutyric AcidBody Fluid CompartmentsEndometrial NeoplasmsFeeding BehaviorFemaleHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceIntra-Abdominal FatMiddle AgedObesity, AbdominalOvarian Neoplasms3-Hydroxybutyric AcidInsulin

Identifiers

PMID30137481
PMCPMC8496516
OpenAlexW2887008356

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.