ArticleThe ocular surface2019
Functional slit lamp biomicroscopy metrics correlate with cardiovascular risk.
Article in The ocular surface, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Localization of Microvascular Changes in Systemic Disease Without Retinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA).Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- AI-integrated ocular imaging for predicting cardiovascular disease: advancements and future outlook.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- Article
- Quantification of Blood Flow Velocity in the Human Conjunctival Microvessels Using Deep Learning-Based Stabilization Algorithm.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Assessment of the conjunctival microcirculation for patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction compared to healthy controls.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Improved conjunctival microcirculation in diabetic retinopathy patients with MTHFR polymorphisms after Ocufolin™ Administration.Microvascular research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeOur aim was to correlate cardiovascular risk factor estimation with bulbar conjunctival blood flow metrics as measured through Functional Slit Lamp Biomicroscopy (FSLB).
methodsCross-sectional study of individuals with otherwise healthy eyelid and corneal anatomy recruited from the Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System eye clinic. We measured conjunctival microvascular hemodynamics by mounting a camera on a slit lamp and cardiovascular risk using the Framingham risk score. Our main outcome measures were correlations between conjunctival vessel parameters (axial and cross-sectional blood flow velocity, blood flow rate) and Framingham score.
resultsWe included 84 patients who underwent FSLB. The mean age was 60 years, the majority were male (88%) and approximately half the patients were black (54%). Mean vessel diameter was similar between all Framingham score categories. Axial and cross-sectional blood flow velocities and blood flow rate were lower in individuals with higher Framingham risk score. Specifically, mean cross-sectional blood flow velocity in individuals with a low Framingham risk score was 0.37 ± 0.0.9 mm/s, with an intermediate score was 0.30 ± 0.09 mm/s, and with a high score was 0.29 ± 0.10 mm/s, p = 0.04. Mean blood flow rate in individuals with a low Framingham risk score was 133.4 ± 59.6 pl/s, with an intermediate score was 123.6 ± 39.3 pl/s, and with a high score was 121.9 ± 52.6 pl/s, p = 0.04. The beta coefficient of the blood flow rate for change in Framingham score was -0.73; 95% CI-1.34-0.13, p = 0.02, adjusted for race.
conclusionFSLB correlates with cardiovascular risk estimation. Future studies should evaluate if FSLB can predict cardiovascular outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.