ReviewCurrent biology : CB2018
Sex Chromosome Effects on Male-Female Differences in Mammals.
Review in Current biology : CB, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-stratified genome-wide association meta-analysis of major depressive disorder.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Cross-species comparative transcriptomic analysis of spermatozoa reveals species-specific regulatory networks linked to fertilization-associated genes in cattle, sheep and goats.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Sex bias in iron sequestration by transferrin 1 modulates sexually dimorphic infection outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster.Genetics · 2026Article
- Deciphering autosomal and X-linked genetic effects of early growth traits in Murciano-Granadina goats via a multivariate animal model.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- Optimized primer and model improve precision of X chromosome telomere length determination in the Han population.iScience · 2026Article
- Chromosomal and hormonal factors involved in human sexual dimorphism.Endocrine journal · 2026Review
- Beyond XX and XY, Understanding Sex Differences in Leukemia.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Escape from X inactivation is directly modulated by Xist noncoding RNA.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- A human induced pluripotent stem cell toolbox for studying sex chromosome effects.Stem cell reports · 2025Article
- Differential causal networks highlight sex-based differences in human tissues.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to investigate sex specific differences.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Escape from X-chromosome inactivation at KDM5C is driven by promoter-proximal DNA elements and enhanced by domain context.Human molecular genetics · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphism in immunity and longevity among the oldest old.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Embracing sex-specific differences in engineered kidney models for enhanced biological understanding of kidney function.Biology of sex differences · 2024Review
- Revisiting sex as a biological variable in hypertension research.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Article
- Sex-Based Mechanisms of Cardiac Development and Function: Applications for Induced-Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived-Cardiomyocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Reference genes to study the sex-biased expression of genes regulating Drosophila metabolism.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- The impact of chromosomal sex on cardiometabolic health and disease.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2023Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fundamental differences exist between males and females, encompassing anatomy, physiology, behaviour, and genetics. Such differences undoubtedly play a part in the well documented, yet poorly understood, disparity in disease susceptibility between the sexes. Although traditionally attributed to gonadal sex hormone effects, recent work has begun to shed more light on the contribution of genetics - and in particular the sex chromosomes - to these sexual dimorphisms. Here, we explore the accumulating evidence for a significant genetic component to mammalian sexual dimorphism through the paradigm of sex chromosome evolution. The differences between the extant X and Y chromosomes, at both a sequence and regulatory level, arose across 166 million years. A functional result of these differences is cell autonomous sexual dimorphism. By understanding the process that changed a pair of homologous ancestral autosomes into the extant mammalian X and Y, we believe it easier to consider the mechanisms that may contribute to hormone-independent male-female differences. We highlight key roles for genes with homologues present on both sex chromosomes, where the X-linked copy escapes X chromosome inactivation. Finally, we summarise current experimental paradigms and suggest areas for developments to further increase our understanding of cell autonomous sexual dimorphism in the context of health and disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.