SynthesisJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2019
Sodium intake and blood pressure in children with clinical conditions: A systematic review with meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Further evidence that methods based on spot urine samples should not be used to examine sodium-disease relationships from the Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (November 2018 to August 2019).Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2020Pooled it
- Dietary Sodium Intake and Health Indicators: A Systematic Review of Published Literature between January 2015 and December 2019.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Sodium intake and blood pressure in children with clinical conditions: A systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Pooled it
- Beyond genetics: how environmental stressors drive pediatric hypertension risk.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Urine Sodium Excretion in Children with Primary Hypertension: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A comprehensive review on cardiovascular disorders development due to salt intake: an emphasis on policy implementation.Health research policy and systems · 2025Review
- Hepatic fat and dietary intake as determinants of metabolic health in obese adolescents: a cross-sectional MRI study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Salt Intake of Children and Adolescents: Influence of Socio-Environmental Factors and School Education.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in childhood and adolescence.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- Dietary Intervention to Improve Blood Pressure Control: Beyond Salt Restriction.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2021Review
- Article
- Do children with solitary or hypofunctioning kidney have the same prevalence for masked hypertension?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension - 2020.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2021Article
- Biochemical interaction of salt sensitivity: a key player for the development of essential hypertension.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Review
- Pediatric hypertension as an early manifestation of cardiovascular disease in children.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known on the effect of sodium intake on BP of children with clinical conditions. Our objective was therefore to review systematically studies that have assessed the association between sodium intake and BP in children with various clinical conditions. A systematic search of several databases was conducted and supplemented by a manual search of bibliographies and unpublished studies. Experimental and observational studies assessing the association between sodium intake and BP and involving children or adolescents between 0 and 18 years of age with any clinical condition were included. Out of the 6861 records identified, 51 full texts were reviewed, and 16 studies (10 experimental and 6 observational), involving overall 2902 children and adolescents, were included. Ten studies were conducted in children with elevated BP without identifiable cause, two in children with familial hypertension, one in children with at least one cardiovascular risk factor, one in children with chronic renal insufficiency, one in children with urolithiasis, and one in premature infants. A positive association between sodium intake and BP was found in all studies, except one. The meta-analysis of six studies among children with elevated BP without identifiable cause revealed a difference of 6.3 mm Hg (95% CI 2.9-9.6) and 3.5 mm Hg (95% CI 1.2-5.7) in systolic and diastolic BP, respectively, for every additional gram of sodium intake per day. In conclusion, our results indicate that the BP response to salt is greater in children with clinical conditions, mainly hypertension, than in those without associated clinical conditions.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.