ArticleBMC public health2018
Variation in somatic symptoms by patient health questionnaire-9 depression scores in a representative Japanese sample.
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological profiles of patients reporting with musculoskeletal shoulder or elbow pain.JSES international · 2025Article
- The Mediating Role of Somatic Symptoms in the Effect of Depression on Problem-Solving Skills.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Relationship between sleep disorders and depressive symptoms among young women in Japan: a web-based cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Estimating the Prevalence of Schizophrenia in the General Population of Japan Using an Artificial Neural Network-Based Schizophrenia Classifier: Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
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- A 2-year longitudinal study examining the change in psychosocial factors under the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.Scientific data · 2024Article
- The Relationship between Depression Symptoms and Physical Activity in Children with Idiopathic Ventricular Extrasystoles.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Complex association between post-COVID-19 condition and anxiety and depression symptoms.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Impact of individual factors and personality trait on psychological problems of family members living with staff of a COVID-19 frontline hospital: A cross-sectional self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Article
- Depression and Related Factors in Korean Adults During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak.Psychiatry investigation · 2022Article
- Mental health and social isolation under repeated mild lockdowns in Japan.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Depression, risk factors, and coping strategies in the context of social dislocations resulting from the second wave of COVID-19 in Japan.BMC psychiatry · 2021Article
- A real-time survey on the psychological impact of mild lockdown for COVID-19 in the Japanese population.Scientific data · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aims to evaluate variation in somatic symptoms by age using patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ) depression scores, which may be helpful in identifying depression.
methodsThe study evaluated a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of community-dwelling adults in Japan in 2013. We utilized the PHQ to identify risk for depression, with PHQ ≥ 10 defining at least moderate depression. Bivariate and factor analyses were used to capture underlying patterns in self-reported symptoms over a 30 day period; aged-stratified multivariate logistic regression was performed to further explore associations between age, symptoms, and depression.
resultsOf 3753 respondents, 296 (8, 95% CI 7.0-8.8) reported a PHQ ≥ 10; 42% of these were male and mean age was 51.7 years old (SD = 18.6). Multivariate analysis showed that presence of fatigue and malaise (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.4) was significantly associated with PHQ ≥ 10. After stratification by age, PHQ ≥ 10 was associated with gastrointestinal complaints among 18-39 year olds (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.9); fatigue and malaise (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.1) among 40-64 year olds; and fatigue and malaise (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.0) as well as extremity pain (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.8) in over 65 year olds.
conclusionAge-related somatic symptom correlates of PHQ ≥ 10 differ across the lifespan. Predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms in younger patients, and generalized fatigue, malaise, and musculoskeletal pain in older groups were observed. In order for screening physicians to proactively identify depression, awareness of age-related somatic symptoms is warranted.
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