SynthesisMedicine2018
Is aquatic exercise more effective than land-based exercise for knee osteoarthritis?
Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Hydrotherapy in the Rehabilitation of Functional Performance and Gait in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: an overview of systematic reviews.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: 2023 update.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2024Guideline
- Overall treatment effects of aquatic physical therapy in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Pooled it
- Evidence synthesis of types and intensity of therapeutic land-based exercises to reduce pain in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.Rheumatology international · 2019Pooled it
- Comparison of water- vs. land-based exercise for improving functional capacity and quality of life in patients living with and beyond breast cancer (the AQUA-FiT study): a randomized controlled trial.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Trial
- Effects of land-based exercise on knee joint proprioception in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- Impact of therapeutic exercises on pain-related outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis: an umbrella review of 116 systematic reviews.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Intensive combined balneotherapy and aquatic exercise for knee osteoarthritis: short-term clinical and functional outcomes.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Walking is the form of physical activity people with osteoarthritis in the hip or knee choose and maintain after two years.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2025Article
- Aquatic versus land-based exercise for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.Korean journal of family medicine · 2025Article
- Global research trends in aquatic exercise therapy for musculoskeletal disorders: a bibliometric analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions to manage patients with knee osteoarthritis: An umbrella review 5-year update.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2024Review
- The Effectiveness of Water- versus Land-Based Exercise on Specific Measures of Physical Fitness in Healthy Older Adults: An Integrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Artificial intelligence technology and ultrasound-guided nerve block for analgesia in total knee arthroplasty.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Article
- Physical Therapists' Choices, Views and Agreements Regarding Non-Pharmacological and Non-Surgical Interventions for Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Mixed-Methods Study.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2023Article
- Supervised Exercise in Water: Is It a Viable Alternative in Overweight/Obese People with or without Type 2 Diabetes? A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Article
- Healthcare and Scientific Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Review
- Osteoarthritis Progression: Mitigation and Rehabilitation Strategies.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to systemically review the effectiveness of aquatic exercise (AQE) compared to land-based exercise (LBE) in treating knee osteoarthritis (OA).
methodsThe Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, CINAHL, and psyclNFO databases were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of AQE and LBE for knee OA from their inception date to September 24, 2018. The risk of bias was examined using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool, and Review Manager 5.3 was used for data collation and analysis.
resultsEight RCTs were included, involving a total of 579 patients. The meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference between AQE and LBE for pain relief, physical function, and improvement in the quality of life, for both short- and long-term interventions, in patients with knee OA. However, the adherence and satisfaction level for AQE was higher than for LBE. Compared to no intervention, AQE showed a mild effect for elevating activities of daily living (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.94, -0.16], P = .005) and a high effect for improving sports and recreational activities (SMD: -1.03, 95% CI [-1.82, -0.25], P = .01).
conclusionAQE is comparable to LBE for treating knee OA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.