ArticleCellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands)2019
Nuclear localization of PD-L1: artifact or reality?
Article in Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Michelolide Enhances the Anticancer Efficacy of Radiation by Downregulating PD-L1 Protein Levels in Tumor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Intracellular PD-L1: Functions, Regulation, and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Programmed Death-1 Ligand 1 Domain Organization, Signaling Motifs, and Interactors in Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- PD-L1 deglycosylation promotes its nuclear translocation and accelerates DNA double-strand-break repair in cancer.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Exploring the dynamics of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in canine lymphoma: unraveling mRNA amount, surface membrane expression and plasmatic levels.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- The nuclear transportation of PD-L1 and the function in tumor immunity and progression.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Review
- Programmed death ligand 1 signals in cancer cells.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2022Review
- Anticancer Activities of Hesperidin via Suppression of Up-Regulated Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression in Oral Cancer Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Glycosylation Modulates Plasma Membrane Trafficking of CD24 in Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- PD-L1+ dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment correlate with good prognosis and CD8+ T cell infiltration in colon cancer.Cancer science · 2021Article
- Article
- Prevalence of CD8Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Esophageal carcinoma: Towards targeted therapies.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2020Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe levels of expression and membrane localization of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint type I transmembrane glycoprotein, are related to the clinical response of anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy. Although the biologically relevant localization of PD-L1 is on the plasma membrane of cancer cells, it has also been reported to be in the cytoplasm and sometimes in the nucleus. Furthermore, it has been claimed that chemotherapeutics can modify PD-L1 expression and/or its nuclear localization.
resultsData from our group suggest that the nuclear localization of PD-L1, and other plasma membrane proteins as well, could be an artifact resulting from inadequate experimental conditions during immunocytochemical studies. Mild detergent and rigorous fixation conditions should be used in order to preserve the membrane localization and to prevent an erroneous translocation of PD-L1 and other non-interconnected membrane proteins, such as CD24, into other cellular compartments including the nucleus, of untreated and chemotherapeutically treated breast cancer cells.
conclusionWe propose that well-specified and rigorously followed protocols should be applied to immunocytochemical diagnostic techniques, especially to those related to individualized diagnosis and treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.