SynthesisEuropean journal of nutrition2020
Magnesium and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and intervention studies.
Synthesis in European journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Eye disease and mortality, cognition, disease, and modifiable risk factors: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies.Eye (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Handgrip strength and health outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies.Journal of sport and health science · 2021Pooled it
- Crosstalk of Magnesium and Serum Lipids in Dyslipidemia and Associated Disorders: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Non-genetic risk and protective factors and biomarkers for neurological disorders: a meta-umbrella systematic review of umbrella reviews.BMC medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association betweenBMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Circulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- BRAzil magnesium (BRAMAG) trial: a double-masked randomized clinical trial of oral magnesium supplementation in pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Trial
- Psychological and Sleep Effects of Tryptophan and Magnesium-Enriched Mediterranean Diet in Women with Fibromyalgia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Magnesium: Hype and Health Benefits.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Food-grade utilization of bovine slaughterhouse by-products for developing cost-effective media supplements in cultivated meat applications.Food science of animal resources · 2026Review
- The impact of magnesium levels in pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Magnesium depletion score is associated with arterial stiffness: data from the Brisighella Heart Study.Journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Hypomagnesemia: A Clinical and Nutritional Update.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Dietary Modulation of Migraine: Metabolic, Neuroinflammatory and Microbiota-Mediated Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Association Between Dietary Magnesium Intake with Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Adropin Levels and Metabolic Health Status in Iranian Adults.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- The Importance of Vitamin D and Magnesium in Athletes.Nutrients · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo map and grade all health outcomes associated with magnesium (Mg) intake and supplementation using an umbrella review.
methodsUmbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using placebo/no intervention as control group. We assessed meta-analyses of observational studies based on random-effect summary effect sizes and their p values, 95% prediction intervals, heterogeneity, small-study effects and excess significance. For meta-analyses of RCTs, outcomes with a random-effect p value < 0.005 and a high-GRADE assessment were classified as strong evidence.
resultsFrom 2048 abstracts, 16 meta-analyses and 55 independent outcomes were included (36 in RCTs and 19 in observational studies). In RCTs of Mg versus placebo/no active treatment, 12 over 36 outcomes reported significant results (p < 0.05). A strong evidence for decreased need for hospitalization in pregnancy and for decreased risk of frequency and intensity of migraine relapses in people with migraine was observed using the GRADE assessment. In observational studies, 9/19 outcomes were significant (p < 0.05). However, only one outcome presented highly suggestive evidence (lower incidence of type 2 diabetes in people with higher Mg intake at baseline) and one suggestive (lower incidence of stroke associated with higher Mg intake at baseline).
conclusionStrong evidence according to the GRADE suggests that Mg supplementation can decrease the risk of hospitalization in pregnant women and reduce the intensity/frequency of migraine. Higher Mg intake is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes and stroke with highly suggestive and suggestive evidence, respectively, in observational studies.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.