ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Mucosa: Key Interactions Determining Sexual Transmission of the HIV Infection.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- High rates of Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or Trichomonas vaginalis co-infection in people with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Highly efficient anogenital transmission of clade Ia monkeypox virus associated with increased shedding.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Ecological association between Grindr user characteristics and HIV prevalence in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Anelloviruses: From General Biology to Their Role as Biomarkers of Immune Competence in HIV Infection.Viruses · 2026Review
- Pharmacological and genetic modulation of IL-32 expression in intestinal epithelial cells does not impact HIV-1 outgrowth in co-cultured CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- HIV-1 interactions with sialic acid-binding bacterial lectins promote virus infectivityFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D boosts HIV-1 resistance in female genital epithelial cells by enhancing antiviral cathelicidin expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Acute HIV Infection and ART Response: Insights into T Cell Subsets, Activation, Exhaustion, and Blood and GALT HIV Reservoir.Viruses · 2025Article
- Neutrophils in HIV pathogenesis: dual roles, clinical implications, and therapeutic frontiers.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- The American Transformative HIV Study: Protocol for a US National Cohort of Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals With HIV.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Enhanced and sustained biodistribution of HIV-1 neutralizing antibody VRC01LS in human genital and rectal mucosa.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Advancements in Green Nanoparticle Technology: Focusing on the Treatment of Clinical Phytopathogens.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Macrophage- and CD4+ T cell-derived SIV differ in glycosylation, infectivity and neutralization sensitivity.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Myeloid Reservoirs - Contributors to Viral Persistence and Pathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Role of the epithelium in human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus infections in the female genital tract.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024Review
- Differential expression of HIV target cells CCR5 and α4β7 in tissue resident memory CD4 T cells in endocervix during the menstrual cycle of HIV seronegative women.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- The Hidden Enemy Within: Uncovering the Secrets of HIV Tissues Reservoirs and Current mRNA Vaccine DevelopmentCurrent HIV research · 2024Review
- Antigen Presenting Cell-Mediated HIV-1Medical research archives · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the context of HIV sexual transmission at the genital mucosa, initial interactions between the virus and the mucosal immunity determine the outcome of the exposure. Hence, these interactions have been deeply explored in attempts to undercover potential targets for developing preventative strategies. The knowledge gained has led to propose a hypothetical model for mucosal HIV transmission. Subsequent research studies on this topic further revealed new mechanisms and identified new host-HIV interactions. This review aims at integrating these findings to inform better and update the current model of HIV transmission. At the earliest stage of virus exposure, the epithelial integrity and the presence of antiviral factors are critical in preventing viral entry to the submucosa. However, the virus has been shown to enter to the submucosa in the presence of physical abrasion or via epithelial transmigration using paracellular passage or transcytosis mechanisms. The efficiency of these processes is greater with cell-associated viral inoculums and can be influenced by the presence of viral and immune factors, and by the structure of the exposed epithelium. Once the virus reaches the submucosa, dendritic cells and fibroblasts, as recently described, have been shown
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.