Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30844811›Full record

GuidelineObesity facts2019

The ABCD of Obesity: An EASO Position Statement on a Diagnostic Term with Clinical and Scientific Implications.

Gema Frühbeck, Luca Busetto, Dror Dicker, Volkan Yumuk, Gijs H Goossens, Johannes Hebebrand, Jason G C Halford, Nathalie J Farpour-Lambert, Ellen E Blaak, Euan Woodward and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readPractice Guideline
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Guideline in Obesity facts, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 158 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
158citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
13.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

158 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 264 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Validity of non-traditional measures of obesity compared to total body fat across the life course: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Pooled it
  5. Guideline
  6. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022
    Guideline
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  12. Trial
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98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 9 countries.

Gema FrühbeckEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom, gfruhbeck@unav.es.
Luca BusettoEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Dror DickerEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Volkan YumukEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Gijs H GoossensEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Johannes HebebrandEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Jason G C HalfordEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Nathalie J Farpour-LambertEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Ellen E BlaakEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Euan WoodwardEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
Hermann ToplakEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Teddington, United Kingdom.
European Association for the Study of Obesity · GBMaastricht University Medical Centre · NLClinica Universidad de Navarra · ESIstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa · TRMedical University of Graz · ATTel Aviv University · ILUniversity of Geneva · CHUniversity of Liverpool · GBUniversity of Padua · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is a frequent, serious, complex, relapsing, and chronic disease process that represents a major public health problem. The coining of obesity as an adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD) is of particular relevance being in line with EASO's proposal to improve the International Classification of Diseases ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for obesity based on three dimensions, namely etiology, degree of adiposity, and health risks. The body mass index as a unique measurement of obesity does not reflect the whole complexity of the disease. Obesity complications are mainly determined by 2 pathological processes, i.e., physical forces (fat mass disease) as well as endocrine and immune responses (sick fat disease), which are embedded in a cultural and physical context leading to a specific ABCD stage.

Indexed as

AdiposityBiomedical ResearchBody Mass IndexChronic DiseaseDiagnostic Techniques, EndocrineHumansObesitySocieties, ScientificTerminology as TopicAdiposityComorbiditiesDysfunctional adipose tissueNoncommunicable diseases

Identifiers

PMID30844811
PMCPMC6547280
OpenAlexW2921933461

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.