Evidence mapPaperPMID 30898075Full record

SynthesisJournal of the American Heart Association2019

Association of Lowering Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Contemporary Lipid-Lowering Therapies and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Safi U Khan, Hammad Rahman, Victor Okunrintemi, Haris Riaz, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Sudhakar Sattur, Edo Kaluski, A Michael Lincoff, Seth S Martin, Michael J Blaha

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Residual inflammatory risk after contemporary lipid lowering therapy.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2020
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Glucose Metabolism: The Good, the Bad and the Unsightly.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Low LDL-C: Is It all Good News?Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. PCSK9 Inhibition and Risk of Diabetes: Should We Worry?Current atherosclerosis reports · 2022
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Safi U Khan1 Department of Medicine West Virginia University Morgantown WV.
Hammad Rahman2 Department of Medicine Guthrie Health System/Robert Packer Hospital Sayre PA.
Victor Okunrintemi4 Center for Health Care Advancement and Outcomes Baptist Health South Florida Miami FL.
Haris Riaz6 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.
Muhammad Shahzeb Khan7 Department of Medicine John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County Chicago IL.
Sudhakar Sattur3 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Guthrie Health System/Robert Packer Hospital Sayre PA.
Edo Kaluski3 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Guthrie Health System/Robert Packer Hospital Sayre PA.
A Michael Lincoff6 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH.
Seth S Martin8 Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore MD.
Michael J Blaha8 Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore MD.

Funding

West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute: A Statewide Organization Building Research Excellence and Engaging Communities to Improve HealthU54GM104942 · WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$4.0M
NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104942
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background The relationship between lowering LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol with contemporary lipid-lowering therapies and incident diabetes mellitus ( DM ) remains uncertain. Methods and Results Thirty-three randomized controlled trials (21 of statins, 12 of PCSK9 [proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9] inhibitors, and 0 of ezetimibe) were selected using Medline , Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception through November 15, 2018). A total of 163 688 nondiabetic patients were randomly assigned to more intensive (83 123 patients) or less intensive (80 565 patients) lipid-lowering therapy. More intensive lipid-lowering therapy was defined as the more potent pharmacological strategy ( PCSK 9 inhibitors, higher intensity statins, or statins), whereas less intensive therapy corresponded to active control group or placebo/usual care of the trial. Metaregression and meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. No significant association was noted between 1-mmol/L reduction in LDL cholesterol and incident DM for more intensive lipid-lowering therapy (risk ratio: 0.95; 95% CI , 0.87-1.04; P=0.30; R

Indexed as

PCSK9 InhibitorsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, LDLDiabetes MellitusEzetimibeHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsProprotein Convertase 9Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsalirocumabAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, LDLevolocumabEzetimibeHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPCSK9 InhibitorsPCSK9 protein, humanProprotein Convertase 9diabetes mellitusLDL (low‐density lipoprotein) cholesterolPCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9)statin

Identifiers

PMID30898075
PMCPMC6509736

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.