Trial reportBioMed research international2019
Do Systemic Factors Influence the Fate of Nonunions to Become Atrophic? A Retrospective Analysis of 162 Cases.
Trial report in BioMed research international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticipating femoral shaft nonunion at 1-3 months: a multimodal framework with automated X‑ray segmentation despite metal implants.International orthopaedics · 2026Article
- A 44-Year-Old Male Manual Laborer With Nonunion of a Femoral Neck Fracture Treated With Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Intramedullary Nailing for Humeral Shaft Fractures: Functional Outcome Assessment Within a Cohort of 202 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment of distal femur aseptic nonunion after lateral locking plate fixation: Results of medial custom made plating and free fibula flap transfer using CAD-CAM technology.Journal of hand and microsurgery · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing Nonunion Treatment: The Expanding Role of Local Biological Therapies.Orthopedic reviews · 2025Article
- Treatment of Bone Defects and Nonunion via Novel Delivery Mechanisms, Growth Factors, and Stem Cells: A Review.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Review
- Delayed Union and Nonunion: Current Concepts, Prevention, and Correction: A Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Role of Sex Differences in Bone Health and Healing.Biology · 2023Review
- Fibulin2: a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation in infected bone fracture healing.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Influence of Thoracic Trauma on Fracture Healing in Long Bones-A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Differences in Fracture Healing Between Female and Male C57BL/6J Mice.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Defective Proliferation and Osteogenic Potential with Altered Immunoregulatory phenotype of Native Bone marrow-Multipotential Stromal Cells in Atrophic Fracture Non-Union.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNonunions are a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. In hypertrophic nonunions, improvement of mechanical stability usually is the satisfactory treatment, whereas in atrophic nonunions improvement of the biological environment is most important. However, scientific evidence revealed that "avital" nonunions are not avascular and fibrous tissue contains cells with osteogenic potential. To find out if systemic factors suppress this intrinsic potential in atrophic nonunions, this study compares characteristics of hypertrophic with atrophic nonunion patients.
methodsWe analyzed medical records of 162 surgically treated patients suffering from aseptic long bone nonunions. Atrophic and hypertrophic nonunions were distinguished by absence or presence of callus and calcification in the fracture gap. Mechanical implant loosening and patient characteristics such as age, gender, and body mass index were assessed. Fracture classification according to AO/OTA, open and closed fractures, and osteosynthesis were recorded. In addition, comorbidities and allergies between both groups were compared.
resultsA higher number of hypertrophic nonunion patients were male with often allergies. Hypertrophic nonunion occurred more often after intramedullary nailing compared to atrophic nonunions. Atrophic nonunion patients being nonallergic were significantly older than nonallergic patients suffering from hypertrophic nonunions. In both atrophic and hypertrophic nonunion patients, age was lower in patients with accompanying injuries compared with age of patients with isolated fractures.
conclusionSystemic factors influence development of nonunion types. In nonallergic patients, atrophic nonunions occur more often in the elderly. This manuscript is a first step to identify different factors which might influence the nature of nonunion. To enable nonunion treatment which is tailored to individual patient characteristics, further prospective studies with more sophisticated research methods are necessary.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.