ArticleClinical epigenetics2019
Prenatal maternal antidepressants, anxiety, and depression and offspring DNA methylation: epigenome-wide associations at birth and persistence into early childhood.
Article in Clinical epigenetics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Epigenome-wide association studies of prenatal maternal mental health and infant epigenetic profiles: a systematic review.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Perinatal stress and methylation of theEpigenetics · 2022Pooled it
- Prenatal medication exposure and epigenetic outcomes: a systematic literature review and recommendations for prenatal pharmacoepigenetic studies.Epigenetics · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal anxiety during pregnancy and newborn epigenome-wide DNA methylation.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Stress During Pregnancy and Epigenetic Modifications to Offspring DNA: A Systematic Review of Associations and Implications for Preterm Birth.The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursingPooled it
- Association of depressive and/or pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms in pregnancy with maternal and neonatal biologic aging.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Vortioxetine on Global DNA Methylation in Maternal and Offspring Rats and In Silico Molecular Docking to Key Epigenetic Enzymes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The fetal exposome: cellular and epigenetic programming of neonatal immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Major depressive disorder and anti-depressant therapy markedly alters the human follicular niche DNA methylome.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Molecular Basis of Anxiety: A Comprehensive Review of 2014-2024 Clinical and Preclinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- From Lineage to Longevity: A Field Guide to the Key Players in Epigenetic Contribution to Offspring Health.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Breaking rules: the complex relationship between DNA methylation and X-chromosome inactivation in the human placenta.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Research Progress on the Role of Zinc Finger Protein in Colorectal Cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Prenatal maternal life adversity impacts on learning and memory in offspring: implication to transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Epigenome-wide mediation analysis of the relationship between psychosocial stress and cardiometabolic risk factors in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- Epigenome-wide association study of long-term psychosocial stress in older adults.Epigenetics · 2024Article
- Association between maternal perinatal stress and depression and infant DNA methylation in the first year of life.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Technical considerations for placental tissue processing and the subsequent impact on genome-wide DNA methylation analysis.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- Association between Maternal Perinatal Stress and Depression on Infant DNA Methylation in the First Year of Life.Research square · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMaternal mood disorders and their treatment during pregnancy may have effects on the offspring epigenome. We aim to evaluate associations of maternal prenatal antidepressant use, anxiety, and depression with cord blood DNA methylation across the genome at birth and test for persistence of associations in early and mid-childhood blood DNA.
methodsA discovery phase was conducted in Project Viva, a prospective pre-birth cohort study with external replication in an independent cohort, the Generation R Study. In Project Viva, pregnant women were recruited between 1999 and 2002 in Eastern Massachusetts, USA. In the Generation R Study, pregnant women were recruited between 2002 and 2006 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. In Project Viva, 479 infants had data on maternal antidepressant use, anxiety, depression, and cord blood DNA methylation, 120 children had DNA methylation measured in early childhood (~ 3 years), and 460 in mid-childhood (~ 7 years). In the Generation R Study, 999 infants had data on maternal antidepressants and cord blood DNA methylation. The prenatal antidepressant prescription was obtained from medical records. At-mid pregnancy, symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed with the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Project Viva and with the Brief Symptom Inventory in the Generation R Study. Genome-wide DNA methylation was measured using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in both cohorts.
resultsIn Project Viva, 2.9% (14/479) pregnant women were prescribed antidepressants, 9.0% (40/445) experienced high pregnancy-related anxiety, and 8.2% (33/402) reported symptoms consistent with depression. Newborns exposed to antidepressants in pregnancy had 7.2% lower DNA methylation (95% CI, - 10.4, - 4.1; P = 1.03 × 10
conclusionsThe ZNF575 gene is involved in transcriptional regulation but specific functions are largely unknown. Given the widespread use of antidepressants in pregnancy, as well as the effects of exposure to anxiety and depression, implications of potential fetal epigenetic programming by these risk factors and their impacts on development merit further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.