SynthesisScientific reports2019
Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone Monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19 in Adults: A Systematic Review of Pathophysiological Connections, Clinical Outcomes, and Therapeutic Considerations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- New anti-diabetic agents for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Does glitazone treatment have a role on the prevention of Parkinson's disease in adult diabetic population? A systematic review.Metabolic brain disease · 2020Pooled it
- An oral, liver-restricted LXR inverse agonist for dyslipidemia: preclinical development and phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Pioglitazone as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Dapagliflozin and Metformin: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026 · on this mapTrial
- Trial
- Gender differences in the efficacy of pioglitazone treatment in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients with abnormal glucose metabolism.Biology of sex differences · 2021Trial
- JLP-2008 Fixed-Dose Combination Tablet Demonstrates Bioequivalence and Comparable Safety to Separate Dapagliflozin + Pioglitazone in Healthy Participants.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and emerging therapeutic strategies.World journal of diabetes · 2026Review
- Fluid retention versus cardio protection: rethinking pioglitazone.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Fibrogenic Gene Signature as Early Prediction for the Efficacy of Pharmacological Interventions for MASH-Associated Fibrosis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Cluster Analysis in Diabetes Research: A Systematic Review Enhanced by a Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of Pioglitazone and Tirzepatide on Body Weight, Glucose Levels, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Ineffectiveness of pioglitazone in cognitive impairment induced by cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- PPAR-γ agonist mitigates intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation induced by Clostridioides difficile SlpA in vitro.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone/Metformin Fixed-Dose Combination Versus Uptitrated Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes without Adequate Glycemic Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Article
- Current Overview of the Biology and Pharmacology in Sugen/Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Pioglitazone-induced alterations of purine metabolism in healthy male subjects.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pioglitazone, the only thiazolidinedione drug in clinical practice is under scrutiny due to reported adverse effects, it's unique insulin sensitising action provides rationale to remain as a therapeutic option for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing pioglitazone monotherapy with monotherapies of other oral antidiabetic drugs for assessing its efficacy and safety in T2DM patients. Mean changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and mean changes in fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, body weight (BW) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Safety outcomes were changes in lipid parameters, blood pressure and incidences of adverse events. Metafor package of R software and RevMan software based on random-effects model were used for analyses. We included 16 randomised controlled trials. Pioglitazone monotherapy showed equivalent efficacy as comparators in reducing HbA1c by 0.05% (95% CI: -0.21 to 0.11) and greater efficacy in reducing FBS level by 0.24 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.48 to -0.01). Pioglitazone showed similar efficacy as comparators in reducing HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.05, 95% CI: -0.49 to 0.59) and increasing high-density lipoprotein level (WMD: 0.02 mmol/l, 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.10). Improved blood pressure (WMD: -1.05 mmHg, 95% CI: -4.29 to 2.19) and triglycerides level (WMD: -0.71 mmol/l, 95% CI: -1.70 to 0.28) were also observed with pioglitazone monotherapy. There was a significant association of pioglitazone with increased BW (WMD: 2.06 kg, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.01) and risk of oedema (RR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.31), though the risk of hypoglycaemia was absolutely lower (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.80). Meta-analysis supported pioglitazone as an effective treatment option for T2DM patients to ameliorate hyperglycaemia, adverse lipid metabolism and blood pressure. Pioglitazone is suggested to prescribe following individual patient's needs. It can be a choice of drug for insulin resistant T2DM patients having dyslipidaemia, hypertension or history of cardiovascular disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.