ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2019
Reductions in Insulin Resistance are Mediated Primarily via Weight Loss in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes on Semaglutide.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It reports registered trial NCT01885208. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Exenatide ER 2.0 mg Once-weekly as add-on to 1-2 Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (OADs) in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN™ 3 - vs. QW GLP-1)
Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Sitagliptin Once-daily as add-on to Metformin and/or TZD in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN™ 2 - vs. DPP-4 Inhibitor)
Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Placebo in Drug-naïve Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adipocyte Size, Overweight, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Impact of Weight Loss: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Subcutaneous weekly semaglutide with automated insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial.Nature medicine · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Oral semaglutide improves postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism, and delays gastric emptying, in subjects with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide Improves Beta-cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- Dietary Fiber and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Obesity Management: Converging Mechanisms, Interactions, and Strategies for Durable Weight Control.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Exploratory real-world experience with GLP-1 receptor agonists vs. metformin in youth with new-onset type 2 diabetes: a single-center retrospective study.Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance and coronary microvascular dysfunction: a complex interplay.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Review
- Changes in Insulin Resistance with Different Weight Loss Methods in Patients with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension: A Comparative Clinical Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: the emerging potential of semaglutide.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- ForePass outperforms Semaglutide in weight control, glucose metabolism, and gut microbiota in swine.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular and kidney outcomes of GLP-1 receptor agonists in adults with obesity: A target trial emulation study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Defining Severe Diabetes Mellitus: A Consensus Framework for Grading and Staging Diabetes Based on Pathophysiology and Complications.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Review
- Adipose Tissue, at the Core of the Action of Incretin and Glucagon-Based Anti-Obesity Drugs.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- The Effectiveness of Semaglutide on a Composite Endpoint of Glycemic Control and Weight Reduction and Its Effect on Lipid Profile Among Obese Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of the Second-Generation Incretin Analogs Semaglutide and Tirzepatide in Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Reconsidering Semaglutide Use for Chronic Obesity in Patients of Asian Descent: A Critical Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Mechanisms of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Beneficial Effects of Semaglutide: A Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Disproportionality Analysis From World Health Organization Data on Semaglutide, Liraglutide, and Suicidality.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Role and mechanism of specialized pro-resolving mediators in obesity-associated insulin resistance.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Review
- Bridging the gap between GLP1-receptor agonists and cardiovascular outcomes: evidence for the role of tirzepatide.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextSemaglutide, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 analog approved for use in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), demonstrated superior body weight (BW) reductions and decreased insulin resistance (IR) vs comparators across the Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN) 1-3 clinical trials.
objectiveTo investigate the relationship between IR and BW across the SUSTAIN 1-3 trials.
designPost hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN 1-3 trials.
settingThree hundred and eleven sites in 30 countries. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participants2432 subjects with T2D.
interventionsSemaglutide 0.5 or 1.0 mg, placebo or active comparator (sitagliptin 100 mg, exenatide extended release 2.0 mg).
main outcome measureTo assess the extent of the effect on IR that is mediated (indirect effect) and not mediated (direct effect) by the effect on BW.
resultsAcross SUSTAIN 1-3, mean BW was significantly reduced with semaglutide 0.5 mg (3.7 kg to 4.3 kg; P < 0.0001) and semaglutide 1.0 mg (4.5 kg to 6.1 kg; P < 0.0001) vs comparators (1.0 kg to 1.9 kg). There were greater reductions in IR with semaglutide 0.5 mg (27% to 36%) and semaglutide 1.0 mg (32% to 46%) vs comparators (17% to 28%). Greater reductions in BW were generally associated with greater decreases in IR. The effect on IR was primarily mediated by weight loss (70% to 80% and 34% to 94%, for semaglutide 0.5 mg and 1.0 mg, respectively, vs comparator).
conclusionsSemaglutide consistently reduced BW and IR in subjects with T2D in SUSTAIN 1-3. In this analysis, IR improvement was positively associated with, and primarily mediated by, the effect of semaglutide on BW.
Identifiers
30938762What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.