ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Bovine leukemia virus discovered in human blood.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bovine leukemia virus relation to human breast cancer: Meta-analysis.Microbial pathogenesis · 2020Pooled it
- Evidence of natural bovine leukemia virus infection in llamas coexisting with cattle.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Bovine Leukemia Virus as a One Health Challenge in Nutrition, Food Security, and Public Health: A Narrative Review.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Review
- Absence of detectable bovine leukemia virus miRNAs in human cancer small RNA-seq datasets.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of the BoLA-DRB3*12:01 allele with resistance to bovine leukosis virus infection in Crioula Lageana cattle.Journal of applied genetics · 2026Article
- Tissue distribution and quantification of bovine leukemia virus proviral DNA in cows after a long-term infection with wild-type strains and the attenuated BLV vaccine strain.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Global distribution and host range of enzootic bovine leukosis in ruminants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Veterinary and animal science · 2025Review
- Serological and Molecular Evidence of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Sheep Populations in the South of Iran.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Infectivity and persistence of bovine leukemia virus in human breast cells: assessing a possible zoonotic link to cancer.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Bovine Leukemia Virus and Human Breast Cancer: A Review of Clinical and Molecular Evidence.Viruses · 2025Review
- Bovine leukemia virus: an emerging concern for zoonotic cross-species transmission.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Cultivated meat microbiological safety considerations and practices.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Review
- Metabolic Fingerprinting of Blood and Urine of Dairy Cows Affected by Bovine Leukemia Virus: A Mass Spectrometry Approach.Metabolites · 2024Article
- A broad wastewater screening and clinical data surveillance for virus-related diseases in the metropolitan Detroit area in Michigan.Human genomics · 2024Article
- Design and implementation of a TaqManVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2024Article
- Seroprevalence of bovine leukemia virus in cattle and buffaloes in the border provinces of the Eastern Anatolia region, Türkiye: insights into the eradication of infection.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2024Article
- Potential Pathogenic Impact of Cow's Milk Consumption and Bovine Milk-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Evaluation of BHK-21 Cell Line for Specific Viruses by Two Different PCR Methods.Archives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- No evidence of bovine leukemia virus proviral DNA and antibodies in human specimens from Japan.Retrovirology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection is widespread in cattle globally and is present in marketed beef and dairy products. Human infection with BLV has been reported in breast and lung cancer tissues and was significantly associated with breast cancer in 3 case-control studies. The purpose of this current research was to determine if BLV is present in human blood cells and if antibodies to BLV are related to blood cell infection.
methodsStandard liquid PCR and Sanger DNA sequencing were used to test for BLV in buffy coat cells (leukocytes and platelets) of blood specimens from 95 self-selected female subjects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG, IgM, and IgA was used to detect antibodies to BLV in the plasma of the corresponding blood samples.
resultsBLV DNA was detected in the buffy coat cells of blood in 33/95 (38%) of the subjects by PCR and DNA sequencing. IgG antibodies were detected in 30/95(32%), IgM in 55/95(58%), and IgA in 30/95(32%) of the subjects. There was no significant correlation between presence of the antibodies and presence of BLV DNA.
conclusionsThis first report of BLV in human blood raises the question of whether infection of leukocytes could conceivably lead to leukemia as it does in infected cattle. Also, system wide circulation of infected blood cells could facilitate BLV transit to various internal tissues/organs with potential for their infection and subsequent development of cancer. The most likely route of BLV transmission to humans would be zoonotic, as a foodborne infection. Although eradicated from cattle in some countries, BLV still has a high rate of infection in the Americas, the Middle East, and parts of Europe and Asia. This report of BLV in the blood layer containing human leukocytes/platelets adds important information which could be useful to elucidate possible routes of transmission of BLV to humans and to prevent further human infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.