ArticleBMC cancer2019
Differential expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 between primary and metastatic sites in renal cell carcinoma.
Article in BMC cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis: Diagnostic, Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of CircRNA Expression in Renal Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of PD-1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Pooled it
- The Prevalence and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients Underwent Radical Nephroureterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Survival nomogram for patients with bone metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A population-based study.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyTrial
- Association of CMTM6 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic implications in renal cell carcinoma.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- Immune Landscape and Application of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 Recruits Immature B Cells to Signal Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Immaturity and Progression of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- CD133, CD47, and PD-L1 Expression in Ovarian High-grade Serous Carcinoma and Its Association with Metastatic Disease: A Cross-sectional Study.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- A model for predicting clinical prognosis based on brain metastasis-related genes in patients with breast cancer.Translational cancer research · 2023Article
- Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in primary gastric adenocarcinoma and matched metastases.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Immune dysfunction revealed by digital spatial profiling of immuno-oncology markers in progressive stages of renal cell carcinoma and in brain metastases.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- Genomic and transcriptomic features between primary and paired metastatic fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma.Genome medicine · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Basis and Rationale for Their Use in Clinical Practice.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Soluble PD-L1: a potential dynamic predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in patients with proficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Recent Advancement of PD-L1 Detection Technologies and Clinical Applications in the Era of Precision Cancer Therapy.Journal of Cancer · 2023Review
- Immune related biomarkers for cancer metastasis to the brain.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2022Review
- Divulging a Pleiotropic Role of Succinate ReceptorCancers · 2022Article
- Does Elevated Pre-Treatment Plasma PD-L1 Level Indicate an Increased Tumor Burden and Worse Prognosis in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Imaging of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma with Immune Checkpoint Targeting Aptamer-Based Probe.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- PD-L1 status and Immune checkpoint inhibitors in kidney cancer: ignorance, lack of knowledge or both.World journal of urology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn clinical practice, the detection of biomarkers is mostly based on primary tumors for its convenience in acquisition. However, immune checkpoints may express differently between primary and metastatic tumor. Therefore, we aimed to compare the differential expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 between the primary and metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
methodsPatients diagnosed with RCC by resection or fine needle aspiration of metastasis were included. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to detect PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 expressions. SPSS 22.0 was applied to conduct Chi-square, consistency tests and Cox's proportional hazards regression models. GraphPad Prism 6 was used to plot survival curves and R software was used to calculate Predictive accuracy (PA).
resultsIn the whole cohort (N = 163), IHC results suggested a higher detection rate of PD-L1 in the metastasis than that of the primary site (χ2 = 4.66, p = 0.03), with a low consistent rate of 32.5%. Among different metastatic tumors, PD-1 was highly expressed in the lung/lymph node (65.3%) and poorly expressed in the brain (10.5%) and visceral metastases (12.5%). PD-L1 was highly expressed in lung/lymph node (37.5%) and the bone metastases (12.2%) on the contrary. In terms of survival analysis, patients with PD-1 expression either in the primary or metastasis had a shorter overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.59, 95% CI 1.08-2.36, p = 0.02). Also, PD-L1 expression in the primary was associated with a shorter OS (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.06-6.15, p = 0.04). In the multivariate analysis, the predictive accuracy of the whole model for PFS was increased from 0.683 to 0.699 after adding PD-1.
conclusionPD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 were differentially expressed between primary and metastatic tumors. Histopathological examination of these immune check points in metastatic lesions of mRCC should be noticed, and its accurate diagnosis may be one of the effective ways to realize the individualized treatment.
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