Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2019
Low-Carbohydrate Diets and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2024Guideline
- Guideline
- Dietary interventions in the management of atrial fibrillation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Stressor-Associated Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the VITAL-AF Trial.Circulation · 2026Trial
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes or Obesity Receiving Carbohydrate-Reduced Nutrition via Telemedicine: A Retrospective Claims-Based Cohort Study.Cardiology and therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Time-averaged cumulative pulse pressure in midlife and incident atrial fibrillation: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Digital therapeutics and mHealth applications in cardiovascular prevention: strongest evidence in hypertension and emerging perspectives in dyslipidemia.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Review
- Metabolic and Inflammatory Mechanisms Driving Atrial Fibrillation.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Potential Confounders of the Different Impact of Alcohol Intake Between Sexes on the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of arrhythmia · 2025Article
- Impact of carbohydrate quality on the association between low-carbohydrate diet scores and longitudinal changes of cardiometabolic risk factors.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Low-Carbohydrate Diet Patterns That Favor High-Quality Carbohydrates Are Associated with Beneficial Long-Term Changes in Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Framingham Offspring Cohort.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Genetically predicted dietary macronutrient intakes and atrial fibrillation risk: a Mendelian randomization study.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Review
- A High-Protein Diet Promotes Atrial Arrhythmogenesis via Absent-in-Melanoma 2 Inflammasome.Cells · 2024Article
- 25-year trajectories of physical activity and atrial fibrillation risk: results from the ARIC study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- The EAT-Lancet diet, genetic susceptibility and risk of atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Epidemiology and modifiable risk factors for atrial fibrillation.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2023Review
- Hepatokines, bile acids and ketone bodies are novel Hormones regulating energy homeostasis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- The role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiovascular diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background The influences of low-carbohydrate diets in cardiovascular disease are controversial. Few studies have examined the relationship of carbohydrate intake and risk of incident atrial fibrillation ( AF ). We aimed to evaluate the association between carbohydrate intake and the risk of incident AF in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) Study. Methods and Results We included 13 385 participants (age, 54.2±5.8 years; 45.1% men and 74.7% white) who completed a dietary questionnaire at baseline (1987-1989) in the ARIC Study. The primary outcome was incident AF , which was identified by ECG performed during study examinations, hospital discharge codes, and death certificates. We used multivariable Cox hazard regression models to assess the association between carbohydrate intake and incident AF . We further explored the effects of specific food source (animal versus plant based) used to replace carbohydrate intake in the low-carbohydrate intake setting. During a median follow-up of 22.4 years, 1808 cases (13.5%) of AF occurred. The hazard ratio for incident AF associated with a 1- SD (9.4%) increase in carbohydrate intake as a percentage of energy intake was 0.82 (95% CI , 0.72-0.94), after adjustment for traditional AF risk factors and other diets factors. Results were similar when individuals were categorized by carbohydrate intake quartiles (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI , 0.49-0.84; comparing extreme quartiles). No association was found between the type of protein or fat used to replace the carbohydrate and risk of incident AF . Conclusions Low-carbohydrate diets were associated with increased risk of incident AF , regardless of the type of protein or fat used to replace the carbohydrate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.