ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Molecular Relationships among Obesity, Inflammation and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Are Adipokines the Common Link?
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal links between multi-domain risk factors and intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Transgenic Conversion of Omega-6 to Omega-3 Fatty Acids viaJOR spine · 2026Article
- Obesity-induced intervertebral disk degeneration: pathophysiology and clinical implications.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Review
- One-year body mass index change and subsequent risk of lumbar disc herniation: a population-based cohort study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Article
- The Gut-Disc Axis: Mendelian Randomization Study Reveals Causal Effects of Gut Microbiota on Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Not Mediated by Systemic Inflammation.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Revisiting intervertebral disc degeneration: lipid metabolism disorders as overlooked contributors to complex pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Causal association of education, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and body mass index with disc degeneration: Mendelian randomization.Medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Obesity-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in nucleus pulposus cells accelerates intervertebral disk degeneration.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Cinnamaldehyde Inhibits Leptin-Induced MMP-1 by Modulating Leptin Receptor/STAT3 and Blocking RhoA/NF-κB Pathways in Human Intervertebral Disc Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human iPSCs Derived MSCs-Secreted Exosomes Modulate Senescent Nucleus Pulposus Cells Induced Macrophage Polarization via Metabolic Reprogramming to Mitigate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Association between metabolism and low back pain: a cross-sectional study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Causal relationship between trunk and lower limb fat mass and intervertebral disc disorders: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Discectomy (UBE) Versus Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy (PELD) for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation in Obese Patients: A Retrospective Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- High-BMI-related low back pain in China: a GBD-based observational study on sex-age trends and projections (1990-2021).European journal of medical research · 2025Observational
- Effects of Virtual Reality on Adults Diagnosed with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- GM@mTG-V microspheres promote NP regeneration by reconstructing IVD biomechanics and inflammatory microenvironment.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a chronic, expensive, and high-incidence musculoskeletal disorder largely responsible for back/neck and radicular-related pain. It is characterized by progressive degenerative damage of intervertebral tissues along with metabolic alterations of all other vertebral tissues. Despite the high socio-economic impact of IVDD, little is known about its etiology and pathogenesis, and currently, no cure or specific treatments are available. Recent evidence indicates that besides abnormal and excessive mechanical loading, inflammation may be a crucial player in IVDD. Furthermore, obese adipose tissue is characterized by a persistent and low-grade production of systemic pro-inflammatory factors. In this context, chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity has been hypothesized as an important contributor to IVDD through different, but still unknown, mechanisms. Adipokines, such as leptin, produced prevalently by white adipose tissues, but also by other cells of mesenchymal origin, particularly cartilage and bone, are cytokine-like hormones involved in important physiologic and pathophysiological processes. Although initially restricted to metabolic functions, adipokines are now viewed as key players of the innate and adaptative immune system and active modulators of the acute and chronic inflammatory response. The goal of this review is to summarize the most recent findings regarding the interrelationships among inflammation, obesity and the pathogenic mechanisms involved in the IVDD, with particular emphasis on the contribution of adipokines and their potential as future therapeutic targets.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.