ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2019
GLP-1 RA Treatment and Dosing Patterns Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Six Countries: A Retrospective Analysis of Pharmacy Claims Data.
Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT05535322. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Real-world Evaluation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) on Efficacy and Persistence, Adherence and Therapeutic Inertia Among Type 2 Diabetes Adults With Obesity in the Department of Health of Valencia Clínico-Malvarrosa
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maintenance of glycaemic control with liraglutide versus oral antidiabetic drugs as add-on therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin alone: A randomized clinical trial in primary care (LIRA-PRIME).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Trial
- Real-World Sex Differences in Response to Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Analysis of Single-Center Outpatient Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs in Individuals Who Discontinue Liraglutide and Who Switch from Liraglutide to Once-Weekly Injectable Semaglutide.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Dosing Patterns of Dulaglutide and Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in France and Italy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- The Advances in Phospholipids-Based Phase Separation Gels for the Sustained Release of Peptides, Proteins, and Chemotherapeutics.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Combining Celiac and Hepatic Vagus Nerve Neuromodulation Reverses Glucose Intolerance and Improves Glycemic Control in Pre- and Overt-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Dosing Patterns of Dulaglutide and Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the United Kingdom and Germany: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Advances in therapy · 2023Article
- The Real-World Observational Prospective Study of Health Outcomes with Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (TROPHIES): Patient disposition, clinical characteristics and treatment persistence at 12 months.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Observational
- The long-term cost-effectiveness of oral semaglutide versus empagliflozin and dulaglutide in Portugal.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2022Article
- The Real-World Observational Prospective Study of Health Outcomes with Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in Type 2 Diabetes Patients (TROPHIES): Design and Baseline Characteristics.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021Article
- Health state utilities associated with treatment process for oral and injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Treatment persistence in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in clinical practice in Sweden.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Article
- Gastrointestinal adverse events with insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed-ratio combination versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A network meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Article
- Switching Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Rationale and Practical Guidance.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2020Article
- Real-World Effectiveness of Dulaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Review
- Dulaglutide: A Review in Type 2 Diabetes.Drugs · 2020Review
- Long-Acting Injectable GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Perspectives from Clinical Practice.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Review
- Real-World Adherence and Discontinuation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the United States.Patient preference and adherence · 2020Article
- First-in-Class Oral Semaglutide: Overcoming Barriers of Incretinisation in the Indian Context.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) class is evolving and expanding. This retrospective database study evaluated recent real-world treatment and dosing patterns of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating GLP-1 RAs in Belgium (BE), France (FR), Germany (DE), Italy (IT), the Netherlands (NL), and Canada (CA).
methodsAdult T2D patients initiating GLP-1 RA therapy (dulaglutide [DULA], exenatide twice daily [exBID], exenatide once weekly [exQW], liraglutide [LIRA], or lixisenatide [LIXI]) from 2015 to 2016 were identified using the IQVIA (IQVIA, Durham, NC, and Danbury, CT, USA) Real-World Data Adjudicated Pharmacy Claims. The therapy initiation date was termed the 'index date.' Eligible patients had ≥ 180 days pre-index and ≥ 360 days post-index. Persistence (until discontinuation or switch) was evaluated over the variable follow-up using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis. Average daily dose (ADD) was calculated until discontinuation or switch.
resultsA total of 34,649 DULA, 3616 exBID, 11,138 exQW, 48,317 LIRA, and 2,204 LIXI patients were included in the analysis (34.9-63.2% female; median age range 53-62 years; median follow-up 16-30 months). Proportion persistent at 1-year post-index was 36.8-67.2% for DULA, 5.9-44.4% for exBID, 24.7-44.2% for exQW, 22.2-57.5% for LIRA, and 15.5-40.0% for LIXI. Median time persistent (days) was 245-381 for DULA, 62-243 for exBID, 121-319 for exQW, 103-507 for LIRA, and 99-203 for LIXI. Mean ADD was 13.21-20.43 µg for exBID, 1.44-1.68 mg for LIRA, and 19.88-20.54 µg for LIXI. Mean average weekly dose (AWD) ranged from 2.03 to 2.14 mg for exQW. Mean AWD for DULA was 1.25 mg in Canada and ranged from 1.43 to 1.53 mg in the other countries.
conclusionAcross six countries, persistence was highest among DULA patients and generally lowest among exBID patients. ADD/AWD for all GLP-1 RAs was in line with the recommended label. Longer-term data would be useful to obtain a better understanding of GLP-1 RA treatment patterns over time.
fundingEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.