ArticleJournal of hypertension2019
The role of functional status on the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive decline: the Cardiovascular Health Study.
Article in Journal of hypertension, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlates of cognitive impairment in the elderly in China: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Lower Blood Pressure, Small-Vessel Disease, and Apathy in Older Persons With Mild Cognitive Deficits.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2020Article
- Functional health and white matter hyperintensities as effect modifiers of blood pressure-lowering on cognitive function and vascular events in older Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes trial participants.Journal of hypertension · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether self-reported functional status modified the association between blood pressure (BP) and cognitive decline among older adults.
methodsThe study included 2097 US adults aged 75 years and older from the Cardiovascular Health Study, followed for up to 6 years. Functional status was ascertained by self-reported limitation in activities of daily living (ADL; none vs. any). Cognitive function was assessed by the Modified Mini Mental State Exam (3MSE). We used linear mixed models to examine whether the presence of at least one ADL limitation modified the association between BP and cognitive decline. Potential confounders included demographics, physiologic measures, antihypertensive medication use and apolipoprotein E ε4 allele. We conducted stratified analyses for significant interactions between BP and ADL.
resultsThe association between BP and change in 3MSE differed by baseline ADL limitation. Among participants without ADL limitation, elevated systolic BP (≥140 mmHg) was associated with a 0.15 decrease (95% CI -0.24 to -0.07); P value for interaction less than 0.001, whereas in those with an ADL limitation, elevated systolic BP was independently associated with a 0.30 increase in 3MSE scores per year (95% CI 0.06-0.55). Elevated diastolic BP (≥80 mmHg) was associated with an increase in cognitive function in both groups, although the increase was greater in those with ADL limitation (0.47 points per year vs. 0.18 points per year, P value for interaction = 0.01).
conclusionElevated BP appears to be associated with a decrease in cognitive scores among functioning older adults, and modest improvements in cognitive function among poorly functioning elders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.