Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31068341›Full record

ReviewCancer research2019

Can Exercise-Induced Modulation of the Tumor Physiologic Microenvironment Improve Antitumor Immunity?

Xiaojie Zhang, Kathleen A Ashcraft, Allison Betof Warner, Smita K Nair, Mark W Dewhirst

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Exercise and CD8Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. History informing the future of exercise oncology.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Mechanisms Underlying the Rarity of Skeletal Muscle Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xiaojie ZhangDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Kathleen A AshcraftDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Allison Betof WarnerMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.ORCID 0000-0001-6422-2997
Smita K NairDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Mark W DewhirstDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. mark.dewhirst@duke.edu.
Duke Medical Center · USMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center · US

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI Michael Jason de la Cruz · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The immune system plays an important role in controlling cancer growth. However, cancers evolve to evade immune detection. Immune tolerance and active immune suppression results in unchecked cancer growth and progression. A major contributor to immune tolerance is the tumor physiologic microenvironment, which includes hypoxia, hypoglucosis, lactosis, and reduced pH. Preclinical and human studies suggest that exercise elicits mobilization of leukocytes into circulation (also known as "exercise-induced leukocytosis"), especially cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. However, the tumor physiologic microenvironment presents a significant barrier for these cells to enter the tumor and, once there, properly function. We hypothesize that the effect of exercise on the immune system's ability to control cancer growth is linked to how exercise affects the tumor physiologic microenvironment. Normalization of the microenvironment by exercise may promote more efficient innate and adaptive immunity within the tumor. This review summarizes the current literature supporting this hypothesis.

Indexed as

ExerciseTumor MicroenvironmentAdaptive ImmunityAntibody FormationGlucoseHumansImmunity, InnateLactic AcidNeoplasmsGlucoseLactic Acid

Identifiers

PMID31068341
PMCPMC7474542
OpenAlexW2944742295

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.