ReviewCells2019
Sex-Gender Variable: Methodological Recommendations for Increasing Scientific Value of Clinical Studies.
Review in Cells, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effect of age, sex, and BMI on serum olanzapine levels and their correlation with metabolic parameters and serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in schizophrenia patients.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Protocol of the medygen-2024 study: assessment of antihypertensive medication use by sex in community pharmacies.Farmaceuticos comunitarios · 2026Article
- Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Sex as Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in a Cohort of Norwegian 65-year-Olds: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Gender and sex interactions are intrinsic components of cancer phenotypes.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- A Review of Sex and Gender Factors in Stimulant Treatment for ADHD: Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions.Journal of attention disorders · 2025Review
- Post-marketing safety of pentosan polysulfate sodium: a 21-year pharmacovigilance analysis of the FAERS database.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Teaching gender medicine can enhance the quality of healthcare.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2024Article
- Acute kidney injury, the present on admission (POA) indicator and sex disparities: observational study of inpatient real-world data in a Swiss tertiary healthcare system. Explorative analysis.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Sex, gender diversity, and brain structure in early adolescence.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Article
- The Appropriateness of Medical Devices Is Strongly Influenced by Sex and Gender.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Sex hormones and allergies: exploring the gender differences in immune responses.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
- Key Learnings and Perspectives of a Newly Implemented Sex-and Gender-Based Medicine Modular Course Integrated into the First-Year Medical School Curriculum: A Mixed-Method Survey.Advances in medical education and practice · 2024Article
- Chronic pain trials often exclude people with comorbid depressive symptoms: A secondary analysis of 346 randomized controlled trials.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2023Article
- Distinguishing Gender Identity From Biological Sex in Dermatologic Health Care: Methods, Harms, and Paths Forward.JMIR dermatology · 2023Article
- Female Recruitment Into Cardiovascular Disease Trials.The American journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- Addressing Barriers to Clinical Trial Participation for Transgender People With Cancer to Improve Access and Generate Data.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Article
- Gender and sex bias in prevention and clinical treatment of women's chronic pain: hypotheses of a curriculum development.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Factors Modulating COVID-19: A Mechanistic Understanding Based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a clear sex-gender gap in the prevention and occurrence of diseases, and in the outcomes and treatments, which is relevant to women in the majority of cases. Attitudes concerning the enrollment of women in randomized clinical trials have changed over recent years. Despite this change, a gap still exists. This gap is linked to biological factors (sex) and psycho-social, cultural, and environmental factors (gender). These multidimensional, entangled, and interactive factors may influence the pharmacological response. Despite the fact that regulatory authorities recognize the importance of sex and gender, there is a paucity of research focusing on the racial/ethnic, socio-economic, psycho-social, and environmental factors that perpetuate disparities. Research and clinical practice must incorporate all of these factors to arrive at an intersectional and system-scenario perspective. We advocate for scientifically rigorous evaluations of the interplay between sex and gender as key factors in performing clinical trials, which are more adherent to real-life. This review proposes a set of 12 rules to improve clinical research for integrating sex-gender into clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.